History
Published on Nov 19, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
-FOUNDATION-
New Hampshire was a planned colony. The land in the New World was granted to Captain John Mason who lived in Hampshire County, England. He sent settlers to the new territory to create a fishing colony. However, he died before ever seeing where he had spent a considerable amount of money building towns and defenses.
-ECONOMY-
Concentrated in manufacture and focussed on town life and industries such as ship building and the manufacture and export of rum.
Fisching was Also very important.
RELIGION
Colonial New Hampshire was governed by individuals with a Puritan background. The religion of the New Hampshire citizenry was mixed. This was due to religious contrasts in Massachusetts that caused individuals to move to New Hampshire.
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In 1641, the settlements of New Hampshire formed a coalition with Massachusetts, whose protection they enjoyed for nearly forty years. In 1680, however, the territory was separated from that colony, by order of the king, and constituted a royal province, thereafter to be governed by a president and council, appointed by the crown, with a house of representatives elected by the people. No change of land titles was effected.
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The colony was founded by the owners of the Massachusetts Bay Company, which included investors in the failed Dorchester Company, which had in 1623 established a short-lived settlement on Cape Ann. The second attempt, the Massachusetts Bay Colony begun in 1628, was successful, with about 20,000 people migrating to New England in the 1630s. The population was strongly Puritan, and its governance was dominated by a small group of leaders who were strongly influenced by Puritan religious leaders. Although its governors were elected, the electorate were limited to freemen, who had been examined for their religious views and formally admitted to their church and also to their houses with self control. As a consequence, the colonial leadership exhibited intolerance to other religious views, including Anglican, and Baptist theologies.
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FACTS
After a harsh winter that claimed the lives of half of the Mayflower’s original immigrants from England in 1620, the Pilgrims were taught to plant corn and survive in the wilderness by Native American Indians. In November of the following year, the Pilgrims organized a harvest feast in Plymouth to celebrate their new crop—an event widely regarded as America’s “first Thanksgiving.”
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"The first suspicion of witchcraft in the New England colonies began at Springfield, Massachusetts, as early as 1645. Several persons were, about that time, tried and executed in Massachusetts; one at Charlestown, one at Dorchester, one at Cambridge, and one at Boston. For almost thirty years afterwards, the subject rested. But in 1687 or 1688, it was revived in Boston; four of the children of John Goodwin united in accusing a poor Irish woman with bewitching them. Unfortunately, the accusation was given attention, and the woman was tried and executed.
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Near the close of February 1692, the subject was again revived, in consequence of several children in Danvers, then a part of Salem, beginning to act in a peculiar and unaccountable manner.During religious exercises, it was found that the children were generally decent and still, but after the service Their strange conduct continuing for several days, their friends betook themselves to fasting and prayer. Ended, they renewed their former inexplicable conduct. This was deemed sufficient evidence of witchcraft.
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MIDDLE COLONY
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1)NEW YORK
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The New York Colony was founded in 1626 by the Duke of York and other colonists on Manhattan Island.
The Naming of the New York Colony
Named after the Duke of York and Albany, the brother of King Charles II of England.
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The New York Colony was one of the original 13 colonies located on the Atlantic coast of North America. The original 13 colonies were divided into three geographic areas consisting of the New England, Middle and Southern colonies. The New York Colony was classified as one of the Middle Colonies. The Province of New York was an English colony in North America that existed from 1626 until 1776.
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ECONOMIC
Agriculture, fishing, tobacco became a flourishing business. Boat activity on the Hudson river increased between New York and New Jersey.Most colonists were farmers, who cleared large acres of land by hand to grow crops. Corn was the most popular,since it could be eaten by people and animals. Also grown was flax, wheat, vegetables, and tobacco. Some colonists mined for iron to send to England for manufacturing into finished goods.
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IMPORTANT FACTS
The Albany Congress occurred at Albany, New York in 1754 to help unite the colonies for defense against the Iroquois Confederacy.
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2)NEW JERSEY
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The New Jersey Colony was founded in 1664 by Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret.
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The western half of the province was sold in 1674 to English Quakers, and in 1676 the province was officially divided into East Jersey and West Jersey. Burlington became the capital of West Jersey. The Concessions and Agreement drawn up for West Jersey by William Penn provided for the most democratic form of any colonial government. In 1682 a Quaker group bought East Jersey, and in 1686 Perth Amboy was made the capital.
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Religion
Not dominated by a specific religion which gave way to religious freedom for Quakers, Catholics, Lutherans, Jews and others.
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1)VIRGINIA
The colonial period in Virginia began in 1607 with the landing of the first English settlers at Jamestown and ended in 1776 with the establishment of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Although a thriving Indian society had existed for thousands of years before the English arrived, war with the European settlers and the introduction of new diseases for which the Indians had no resistance spelled disaster for it.
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The English colonists, meanwhile, just barely survived, suffering through summer droughts and winter starvation. Salvation came to the colony in the form of smoking tobacco, or what King James I called a "vile and stinking custom," when John Rolfe cultivated a variety of tobacco that sold well in England. In 1619, a General Assembly convened, bringing limited self-government to America. That same year brought the first slaves to Virginia.
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For most of the 1600s, white indentured servants worked the colony's tobacco fields, but by 1705 the Virginia colony had become a slave society. Nearly all power was in the hands of white male landowners, who ran the government and, by law, belonged to the Church of England. Women who married and worked at home were considered "good wives"; those who refused such "proper" roles were considered troublesome. And while Virginia's ruling men did not encourage women to be independent, they nevertheless fought for their own independence, taking full part in the American Revolution
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2)MARYLAND
In 1632, King Charles I of England granted a charter to George Calvert, the first Lord Baltimore, yielding him proprietary rights to a region east of the Potomac River in exchange for a share of the income derived from the land. The territory was named Maryland in honor of Henrietta Maria, the queen consort of Charles I.In March 1634, the first English settlers--a carefully selected group of Catholics and Protestants--arrived at St. Clement's Island aboard the Ark and the Dove.
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Religious conflict was strong in ensuing years as the American Puritans, growing more numerous in Maryland and supported by Puritans in England, set out to revoke the religious freedoms guaranteed in the founding of the colony. In 1649, Maryland Governor William Stone responded by passing an act ensuring religious liberty and justice to all who believed in Jesus Christ. In 1654, however, the so-called Toleration Act was repealed after Puritans seized control of the colony, leading to a brief civil war that ended with Lord Baltimore losing control of propriety rights over Maryland in March 1655.
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tobacco is the only solid staple commodity of this province. The use of it was first found out by the Indians many ages ago. Plantations were established by riverbanks for the good soil and to ensure ease of transportation.
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