Horse Skeleton

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HORSE SKELETON

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SKULL

• A number of bones
• Fused together
• Protection for brain, inner ear, parts of eye & nasal passages

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• Mandible ( lower jaw)
• Maxilla ( upper jaw0 both contain teeth. Nasal bones. Zygomatic or supraorbital procees protects the eye. Occipital bone forms back of skull and joins the top of neck.

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SPINE

• Collection of bones, vertebrae, lying one behind the other in a line from the base of skul to tip of tail
• Housing & protection for spinal cord. Attachments for muscles, tendons and ligaments which support weight of the body. Connects head and limbs

CERVICAL

• Cervical 7 vertebrea, atlas is the first bone inthe neck followed by axis.

THORACIC

• 18 vertebrae, conection with the ribs

LUMBAR

• 6 vertebrae
• a characteristics of equidae is that the transverse processes of lumbars 4,5 and 6 articulate with each other.

SACRAL

• 5 fused vertebrae, part of hip girdle.

CAUDAL

• Coccygeal average 18 vertebrae forming tail

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• In the fowl the vertebrae of the lumbo-sacral region are fused into bony mass comprising the last thoracic, fourteen lumbo-sacral and the coccygeal vertebrae.

RIB CAGE

Has a narrow shaft, strongly curved in dorsal third.

RIBCAGE

• 18 pairs of ribs each connecting to a thoracic vertebrae
• Protection for heart and lungs
• 8 true ribs connected to sternum or breast bone directly
• 10 false pairs conected to sternum by cartilage

Rib pairs 13

• Sternal 8
• Asternal 10
• Sternebrae 7

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