Impacts of the Romans By:William Lee This presentation has been prepared under the fair use exemption of the U.S. copyright laws and is restricted from further use.
Published on Nov 18, 2015
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Impacts of the Romans
By:William Lee
This presentation has been prepared under the fair use exemption of the U.S. copyright laws and is restricted from further use.
Photo by guillermogg
Roman vs. Greek architecture 1
Many have said that Greeks were architects, while Romans were engineers. The styles of Roman and Greek architecture are very similar. Romans used the same types of columns, decorations, and architectural forms as their predecessors, the Greeks. Even though their styles were very similar, no one would confuse a Greek and Roman temple.
Photo by Drriss & Marrionn
Roman vs. Greek architecture 1
Many have said that Greeks were architects, while Romans were engineers. The styles of Roman and Greek architecture are very similar. Romans used the same types of columns, decorations, and architectural forms as their predecessors, the Greeks. Even though their styles were very similar, no one would confuse a Greek and Roman temple.
Photo by Drriss & Marrionn
Roman vs. Greek architecture 2
The Romans adapted the Greek forms, but they used different techniques and materials that made their brilliant work not only magnificent, but completely original. Even the Greeks with their brilliant minds most likely couldn't replicate the Romans unique craftsmanship.
Photo by Drriss & Marrionn
Roman vs. Greek architecture
Even though the Romans took much of their inspiration from the Greeks, their engineering let them create their own style that is well known and admired today.
Photo by Jason Pier in DC
Roman Roads 1
The most advanced ancient highways were built by Roman soldiers to transport armies and resources. The roads were made of layers of sand, crushed stone, and concrete. the surface of the roads were made of tightly fitted paving stone. The middles of the roads were higher so that water could drain off.
Photo by Ken and Nyetta
Roman Roads 2
Instead of going around hills, the roads were built on them. There were sturdy bridges built across streams and rivers. Government officials and merchants started to use military roads. There had to be measurements indicating the distance to the next town or destination. there were also seats placed on the ides of the roads for tired travelers.
Photo by Sharron McClellan
Roman Roads 3
Rest stations were built every 100 miles so that travelers could rest and obtain new horses. soldiers guarded these stations to prevent highway robberies from happening. The Appian way was one of Rome's best highways.
Photo by isawnyu
Roman Roads 3
Rest stations were built every 100 miles so that travelers could rest and obtain new horses. soldiers guarded these stations to prevent highway robberies from happening. The Appian way was one of Rome's best highways.
Photo by isawnyu
Roman use of concrete 1
Along with brick and mortar masonry, Romans used concrete as a cement. They poured the concrete into different forms and shapes. The Romans using concrete was incredibly smart. Without the ability to mold the stone into shapes, they would have had to find huge stones and carve them by hand.
Photo by Darkroom Daze
Roman use of concrete 2
The Romans used concrete, because it was water-proof, strong, and almost permanent. Also, the concrete that Romans used had high volcanic ash content that made it more durable than the kind that we use today. Many of their concrete structures are still standing today. With the new material, they created new architectural techniques.
Photo by indiamos
Roman aqueducts
The aqueduct, was an arch, in the form of huge elevated channels, that could carry water hundreds of miles along a rolling terrain. Aqueducts brought fresh running water to cities, allowing people to build fountains and baths.
Photo by Vicki's Pics
The Pantheon 1
The Pantheon's massive dome weighs nearly five-thousand tons, spans 150 feet unsupported, and rises almost as high in the air. At the top of the dome, there is an oculus, a hole nearly 30 feet in diameter, that lets in light to make things brighter. Although the dome itself is a simple idea, the architects of the middle ages missed a crucial element, concrete. The dome was literally poured into place. The Romans used square insets called koffers. The koffers were just little arches in the dome.
Photo by StefanoRomeTours
The Pantheon 2
The koffers cut out at least a quarter of the weight. The Romans mixed their concrete with lighter rocks as the dome rose higher, and thereby almost halved the pressure on the bottom of the dome.
Photo by wili_hybrid
A famous Roman Ruler 1
One of Ancient Rome's greatest generals and statesmen was Julius Caesar.
Photo by keepps
A famous Roman ruler 2
Julius Caesar invaded Britain twice, and conquered Gaul. {now mainly France} He was very popular, because of his successful military campaigns.
Photo by Bushtick
Jupiter and Juno
Like Zeus, Jupiter was lord of the sky, and wielder of thunder. He personified law and authority. His sacred animal was the eagle. Unlike Zeus and Hera, Juno and Jupiter got along very well. Romans often thought of them with equal importance. She was the Patron of feminity, marriage, and child birth.
Photo by thisisbossi
Neptune and Ceres
Neptune was the god of freshwater and the sea. Neptune was also the god of horses, so he became the patron of horse racing. Ceres was the goddess of agriculture, grain crops, fertility, and motherly relationships. she was the only Roman agricultural deity that was among the Di Consentes. {Equivalent to the 12 Olympians of Greek mythology.
Photo by Million Seven
Venus
Venus personified beauty and love. She was accompanied by cupid, her son. Venus was very important, because she was in a way, the ancestress of the people of Rome.
Photo by Jim Linwood
Minerva and Mars
Also like Athena, she was born from Jupiter's head. she is the goddess of wisdom, craft, poetry, medicine, art, and education. Unlike Athena, her war importance was lessened when becoming Roman. Mars was the Roman war god. He was not only the war god, he was also in charge of agriculture. He was even thought to be the father of Romulus and Remus, the founders of Rome.
Photo by eutouring
Mercury and Vulcan
Mercury was Jupiter's son, and the messenger of the gods. Mercury Knew just about anything, due to his job. If not for Mercury, Apollo would not have had his lyre. Vulcan was the son of Jupiter and Juno. He was married to the Roman goddess of love, Venus. Vulcan was the Roman god of the fire and the forge. The Romans were great builders, just like Vulcan.
Photo by bhamlucas
Apollo, Diana, and Vesta
Apollo was the son of Jupiter, and Latona. Apollo's Oracle of Delphi was widely respected by all. Apollo was the sun god, god of light, and many other important things. He is often thought of while holding a lyre. Artemis was the goddess of the hunt, and twin sister to Apollo. Jupiter was her father. Her role was to bring out the moon every night. Vesta, was Jupiter, Neptune, Pluto, Juno, and Ceres's sister. She was the goddess of the hearth and home. Even though she was important, she was more important as her Greek aspect, Hestia.
Photo by archer10 (Dennis)
The age of kings
A series of kings ruled at the beginning of Rome's history. Senates, made up of men from Rome's most important families advised the kings. This type of government meant that ordinary people did not have much say in how it was run.
Photo by italianjob17
The Roman Empire
After the Republic collapsed in 27 B.C., the Roman Empire was established. The Republic's government continued, but the emperors had the most power.
Photo by Pierre Metivier
12 Tables 1-3
1- If the Plaintiff summons the defendant into court, he must go. If he does not go, the plaintiff calls the witness. If he refuses or flees, the plaintiff will lay hands on him.
2- Whoever is in need of evidence, they can go every 3 days to call out loud before the doorway of the witness.
3- when a debt has been acknowledged, 30 days are given to repay the receiver. If they do not pay, they will go to prison. After 60 days in prison, and the debt is not paid, the debtor can be sold as a slave, or put to death.
Photo by Stuck in Customs
12 Tables 4-9
4- A horribly deformed child must be killed. If a father surrenders his son for sale 3 times, the son is free.
5- Females must remain in guardianship, even when they have attained their majority.
6- If a man and a woman live together for a year they are married.
7-{skipped}
8- No person shall hold meetings in the city at night.
9- The penalty of a legally appointed judge or arbiter who has been found guilty for taking a bribe for giving a decision is capital punishment.
Photo by ZeroOne
12 Tables 10-12
10- on the account of a funeral, women must not tear cheeks or hold chorus of "Alas!"
11- Marriage between different classes is forbidden.
12- Whatever the people has last ordained shall be held as binding by law
Photo by Stuck in Customs
Roman numerals 1
Although the world uses the Arabic number system for all purposes requiring numbers, during the Roman Empire, they used a different number system.
Photo by wwarby
Roman numerals 2
The Roman numerals do not look anything like the numbers we use today, and the rules are very different. Unlike today, if a letter is repeated three times, {XXX} it repeats its value that many times. {X=10 XX=20 XXX=30} If a letter of a smaller value comes after the larger value, you add the value. If the letters are the other way around, you subtract.{I=1 V=5 V before I [VI] equals 6. However, I before V [IV] equals 4
Photo by James Bowe
Latin 1
A large amount of the phrases we use in our language today, are taken from a language that the Romans used, called Latin.
Photo by tim caynes
Latin 2
As an example, P.S. is used everyday, but many people are unaware that it is in fact, Latin. P.S. in Latin, means post scriptum. the post scriptum is usually written at the end of a letter.
Photo by Werner Kunz
