Inclusion

TAKEAWAYS

• Uphill climb to paving the way for inclusion
• Balancing factors to determine placement
• Placement Factors
• Organizational System & Culture
• Inclusion Opportunities

UPHILL CLIMB

• Brown v BoE: Race segregation
• PARC & Mills: Children with disabilities exclusion
• IDEA: free public education for all
• LRE: ensure all children, regardless of disabilites, receive education in the same environment

BALANCE IN PLACEMENT

• consider LRE
• vs individualized services and instruction

PLACEMENT FACTORS

• availability of facilities
• competency of professionals
• services to be provided
• parent preference

Organizational System and Culture

• maintaining status quo
• best and evidence-based practices
• pushing for expulsion rather than intervention

INCLUSION OPPORTUNITIES

• gains in math and reading skills for Gen Ed students when taught with students with LDreduced fear of human differences
• develop empathy
• increased socialization/ social cognition
• awareness and appreciation of differences
• reduced fear of human differences