INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

INdUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

• It was the transition to new manufacturing processes
• This transition included going from hand production to machines
• It began in England and spread to the Western Europe and United States quickly
• It marks a major turning point in history and daily life was affected dramatically.

TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS

• Textiles- The cotton gin increased productivity by a factor of 50
• Steam Power- The efficiency of steam engines increased
• Iron Making- The rolling mill was 15 times faster then hammering iron
• A major change was the replacement of wood with coal
• Coal required much less labor to mine than cutting wood

SOCIAL EFFECTS

• People changed the way they lived
• Conditions of the housing have improved because of the revolution
• The population increased because living condition and healthcare improved
• There was a massive expansion of newspaper and popular book publishing
• Forty percent of deaths among the urban working class were from tuberculosis

TRANSPORTATION

• Before the revolution people relied on horse and their own feet
• With the invention of the steam locomotive, transportation took a huge step forward
• The Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroad were the first major railroads companies
• Leland Stanford was a business tycoon and a co-founder of the central of the central pacific railroad

INVENTIONS

• The spinning wheel was the first invention but it was very slow
• Threads were spun one at a time, by hand
• The spinning jenny could spin up to eight threads at time
• It was much faster.
• The spinning mule used water power to spin the thread and it better

AGRICTULUTRE

• Advances in agriculture were also made
• The seed drill allowed farmers to plant more seeds faster
• The reaper allowed farmers to harvest crops much more efficiently
• More crops were grown each day
• The crops were able to feed an already increasing population

STEEL

• With steel, buildings were made much taller
• It was better then iron cause it was much stronger
• If people used iron to make tall buildings it would bend
• The steel industry created many new products and was a major help.

FACTORY ORGANIZATION

• There was a new system
• The new system used both workers and machines
• They were brought together to produce goods
• Workers earned daily or weekly wages
• They still had to work a number of set hours each day.

DAILY LIFE

• Child labor-were as young as 7
• They worked because they could fit in tight spots.
• There was long hours
• 12 hours a day and 6 days a week
• More family left the house to earn a living

THE TELEGRAPH

• It was invented by Samuel Morse
• It was able to send pulses of electricity along a wire
• With the telegraph, it took only seconds to communicate with another city
• It brought the people of the nation much closer to each other

STEAMBOAT

• Robert Fulton designed the steamboat
• It could move against the current of a river or against the wind
• It created more opportunities for trade and transportation
• With the steamboat and the telegraph,communication had improved a lot

EFFECTS

• The industrial revolution effected many things
• Working condition
• Living condition
• Urbanization
• Public health and life expectancy

EFFECTS

• Child labor
• Working class families and the role of women
• The emerging middle class
• Wealth and income

CONCLUSION

• The industrial revolution was a time of great progress
• It led to many theories especially in social and economic areas
• The industrial revolution helped change the world in a short period of time