Intro to O-Chem
Published on Nov 26, 2015
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MORE DECKS TO EXPLORE
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
What makes a molecule organic?
- MUST contain BOTH carbon and hydrogen
Organic molecules may contain other atoms (oxygen, fluorine, nitrogen, etc.) but in order to be considered organic they MUST contain hydrogen AND carbon.
Photo by widdowquinn
Lewis Structure of Carbon
Carbon has 4 valence electrons. This means it forms 4 bonds. Carbon ALWAYS has 4 bonds.
3D Structure of Carbon
Tetrahedral: like it's floating in the middle of a pyramid
Alkanes
- Carbon chains joined by SINGLE bonds
Remember, carbon always has 4 bonds. In hydrocarbons, whatever bonds aren't connected to carbons are connected to hydrogens.
Alkenes
- Carbon chain joined by 1 or more DOUBLE bonds
Alkynes
- Carbon chain joined by 1 or more TRIPLE bonds
STRUCTURAL FORMULAS
use chemical symbols joined by lines
In these formulas, each atom is represented.
CONDENSED STRUCTURAL FORMULAS
chemical symbols and numbers
LINE STRUCTURES
carbon and hydrogen aren't written
Photo by Libertas Academica
