COVALENT AND IONIC BONDS

COVALENT BOND

A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. The stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms when they share electrons is known as covalent bonding.

IONIC BOND

Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bonding that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. These ions represent atoms that have lost one or more electrons and atoms that have gained one or more electrons.

DIFFERENCE

In an ionic bond there is complete transference of electrons while in covalent there is sharing of electrons.In an ionic bond, the atoms are bound by attraction of opposite ions, whereas, in a covalent bond, atoms are bound by sharing electrons. In covalent bonding, the molecular geometry around each atom is determined by VSEPR rules, whereas, in ionic materials, the geometry follows maximum packing rules.

EXAMPLE

IONIC BOND

• Lithium Fluoride (LiF)
• Magnesium Selenide(MgSe)
• Silver Sulphide (Ag2S)
• Zinc Iodide (ZnI2)
• Cesium Iodide (CsI)

COVALENT BOND

• Hydrogen (H2)
• Water (H2o)
• Ammonia (NH3)
• Methane (CH4)
• Ozone (O3)

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