IP Address and Subnet Mask

Internet Protocol(IP)

• Designed to allow devices to exhcange data over network
• Have two versions IPv4 and IPv6
• IPv4 i using 32 bits 2^32=4294967296 
• IPv6 is using 128 bits 2^128=3.4x10^38 
• IPv6 have better security and provide more adress than IPv4

IP Address and Subnet Mask

• IP address has two components: Network address and host address
• A subnet mask separates the IP address into the network and host address
• Subnet mask allows user to determine the network and host address

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• Host address
• Host address is the address used to define different host in that network
• Network address
• Network address is the address used to locate where the network is
• Both of them are unique to prevent crashing due to duplicate address

Example: need a server which can hold 300 computer

• 255.255.255.0
• 255.255.0.0300=enough
• 255.0.0.0300=too much and high cost

Example: IP:191,69,234,5

• Subnet mask: 255.255.0.0
• Host id:0.0.234.5
• Network ID:161.69.0.0