CALIPHATE PROBLEMS ISLAM DEALT WITH

EFFECT OF MUHAMMED'S DEATH

• No successor
• Got Caliphs (Abu Bakr was first Caliph)
• Caliphs controlled everything; theocracy
• Examples: Head of state, Chief Judge
• Religious leader, military commander

THE SPLIT

• Disagreement among muslims on who should rule
• Led to the split of the Shia and the Sunnis
• Shia supported decendents of Muhammed
• Sunnis just wanted a good leader

UMAYYAD DYNASTY

• Temporarily solved the problems of succession
• Wanted wealth and had military power
• Didn't care for the islamic faith
• Ruled dynasty for aristocrats

POLICY TO CONQUERED PEOPLE

• Jizya tax
• taxes on people who didn't convert to Islam
• People who converted later were still discriminated