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1.

EXPRESSING BELIEFS

RELIGION IS WHAT PEOPLE BELIEVE ABOUT GOD OR GODS, AND HOW THEY WORSHIP.
Photo by Ian Espinosa
2.

5 MAJOR WORLD RELIGIONS

  • Christianity
  • Buddhism
  • Hinduism
  • Judiasm
  • Islam
There are many different religions found all over the world today. In the past Christianity was the main religion in Ireland. However, times have changed and today Ireland is home to people of many different religions and cultures.

Having an understanding of the key religious beliefs of others helps us to respect the role religion plays in their lives. Even if we don’t have a religious belief ourselves, we can still learn about other’s beliefs, e.g. I might not play rugby, but I can still learn the rules and appreciate why other people enjoy playing it.
Photo by murdelta
3.

BUDDHISM

Photo by saamiblog
4.

KEY RELIGIOUS BELIEFS

  • Buddhism began in the north of India c. 5th Century BCE.
  • Founded by a man named Siddhartha Gautama, later known as Buddha. (Son of a rich king and queen)
He was searching for answers to his questions about life. One day he was meditating under a tree when he felt enlightened. He believed that people were never happy with what they had and this caused them suffering.
Photo by d_pham
5.

He left the palace to see the real world.
He saw an old man, a sick man and a dead man.
Realization: life is full of suffering.
Met a monk who owned nothing but was happy and content.
Began a life of prayer and fasting.

Photo by Imahinasyon Photography
6.

Think 🤔
If Siddhartha Guatama journeyed around Ireland today, what kind of suffering do you think he would see?

Photo by NASA Goddard Photo and Video
7.

Middle Way:
Means finding happiness between extreme luxury and extreme hardship.
It is about living a balanced life.

Photo by Marion Michele
8.

Nirvana
Being in a state of perfect happiness and peace.
It is a feeling of freedom.
It can be reached by following the Four Noble Truths, the Eightfold Path and the Five Precepts.

Photo by James Marvin Phelps
9.

THE FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS

  • Life is full of suffering. People cannot always be happy.
  • The main cause of suffering is desire and greed.
Photo by Anandajoti
10.

Untitled Slide

  • 3. People can reach nirvana by not being greedy and selfish towards others.
  • 4. The Middle Way is the path to true happiness.
Photo by Akuppa
11.

THE EIGHTFOLD PATH

  • Right understanding
  • Right thought/attitude
  • Right speech
  • Right action
  • Right work/livelihood
1. Think about what we are doing with our lives.
2. Be compassionate rather than selfish.
3. Speak the truth and avoid gossip.
4. Help others, don’t harm living things or the environment.
5. Do something useful, avoid jobs that harm others.
6. Be positive and honest in our thoughts.
7. Be aware of what you feel, think and do.
8. Calm your mind by practicing meditation and focus on the present moment.
Photo by Bold Frontiers
12.

6. Right effort
7. Right mindfulness
8. Right concentration

Photo by Bold Frontiers
13.

THE FIVE PRECEPTS

  • Do not harm or kill living things.
  • Do not take things unless they are given freely.
  • Be content with a simple way of life.
This is a moral code that contains the basic rules for living a good life for Buddhists.
Photo by Stefany Andrade
14.

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  • 4. Do not speak unkindly or tell lies.
  • 5. Do not abuse drugs or drink alcohol.
Photo by Mayur Gala
15.

Look 🧐 at your school’s code of good behavior.
Is there anything in it that links with the Eightfold Path?

Photo by ºNit Soto
16.

Rebirth:
According to Buddhists, individuals go through many cycles of birth, living, death and rebirth (reincarnation).
After many cycles a person may reach Nirvana if they practice the Eightfold Path and the Five Precepts.

Photo by dalbera
17.

THINK, PAIR, SHARE

  • In pairs, think about which three steps of the Eightfold Path are most important.
  • Why do you THINK this is?
  • SHARE your thoughts with the class.
Photo by musiciennedusilence
18.

IN YOUR COPY

  • 1. What did Siddhartha Guatama become known as?
  • 2. Finding happiness between extreme luxury and extreme hardship is known as what?
  • 3. Nirvana means ...?
Photo by JKim1
19.

4. What are the basic rules that Buddhists follow for living a good life called?
5. 5. The ... is a guide for following the Middle Way.

Photo by JKim1
20.

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21.

CHRISTIANITY

CHRISTIANITY IS A MONOTHEISTIC RELIGION
Monotheistic means that its followers only believe in One God.
Christians believe that God is the creator of all life and has its roots in Judaism.
Photo by Aaron Burden
22.

WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT CHRISTIANITY?

  • Founded by Jesus Christ (born to Mary and Joseph in a town called Bethlehem)
  • Christians believe he is the Son of God.
  • Grew up in Nazareth in the province of Galilee.
  • Had 12 apostles.
  • Told stories and performed miracles.
  • Was Crucified.
It was ruled by Romans at the time.
He went on to travel through Palestine, preaching and teaching, with a group of followers known as the twelve apostles.

Stories known as parables showed people a new way of living.

After coming into conflict within different groups, he was sentenced to death.
Photo by Karl Fredrickson
23.

IMPORTANT POINTS IN CHRISTIANITY

  • Kingdom of God
  • The Crucifixion
  • The Resurrection
  • The Ascension
  • The Holy Spirit
  • Baptism
  • Eucharist
  • The Bible
  • The Beatitudes
1. It is not a place. It is a way of living based on Jesus’s message of truth, justice, peace and love.
2. Jesus died on the cross so that those who believe in him will be forgiven their sins.
3. Jesus rose from the dead and appeared to witnesses. Christians believe that this shows God’s power over life and death.
4. 40 days after his resurrection, Jesus was taken up into heaven - body and soul.
5. Jesus promised that he would stay with his followers, so after he went to heaven he sent the Holy Spirit to guide them.
6. A ceremony performed by most Christian churches. What’re is used as a symbol to show the person has become a follower of Jesus.
7. A thanksgiving mean of bread and wine, which is celebrated by Christians. It remembers the Last Supper Jesus had with his apostles.
8. Sacred text or book that Christians believe is the word of God, written by men who were inspired by the Holy Spirit.
9. Moral code to live by.
Photo by Stephen Radford
24.

The Beatitudes
Blesses are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
Blessed are those who mourn, for they will be comforted.
Blesses are the meek, for they will inherit the earth.
Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they will be filled.
Blessed are the merciful, for they will be shown mercy.
Blessed are the pure in heart, for they will see God.
Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called sons of God.
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
Blessed are you when people insult you, persecute you and falsely say all kinds of evil against you because of me.
Rejoice and be glad, because great is your reward in heaven, for in the same way they persecuted the prophets who were before you.

Matthew 5:1-12
Photo by hoyasmeg
25.

THE CHURCH

PEOPLE WHO BELONG TO CHRISTIANITY ARE SEEN AS ‘THE CHURCH’. THEY ARE GOD’S BODY ON EARTH, A COMMUNITY OF BELIEVERS.
Photo by Trey Ratcliff
26.

WRITE THE ANSWERS IN YOUR COPY

  • The Kingdom of God is ...?
  • The Ascension is when Jesus rose from the dead. True/False?
  • Name the moral code followed by Christians.
  • Where did Christianity begin?
  • The ... is a thanksgiving meal celebrated by Christians.
Photo by JKim1
27.

Research
Pick one of the following topics to find out more using your blue bible
The Kingdom of God
The Crucifixion
The Resurrection
The Holy Spirit
Write a report on your findings.

Photo by jimmiehomeschoolmom
28.

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29.

HINDUISM

Photo by Hey Paul Studios
30.

A BIT ABOUT HINDUISM

  • Founded in India in 2000BCE
  • Brahman
  • Polytheistic
  • Dharma
  • Samsara
  • Karma
  • The Vedas
  • Shrine
  • Vegetarians
2. Supreme soul or spirit that has no shape or form. Hindus believe that everything in the universe flows from Brahman.
3. Belief in more than one god.
4. Hindus believe that every form of life and every group of people has its own dharma and they must always do what is right and correct for themselves.
5. They believe that when you die, your soul is reborn in another body as an animal or as a person. You are reborn over and over until you become perfect.
6. From good must come good and from bad must come bad.
7. Hindu sacred texts that teach and guide Hindus on how to live.
8. Most have a shrine or small altar in their home to their favorite god. They pray there, meditate and burn incense and light candles.
9. Don’t eat meat because of their belief in reincarnation. Cows are sacred, their milk gives nourishment.
Photo by Frank Holleman
31.

Brahma
The god who created the world. Identified with 4 faces and 4 arms which face different directions to show he is everywhere.

32.

Vishnu
The god who protects people from evil and wrongdoing. He is an avatar, which means he has taken on both human and animal forms.

33.

Shiva
The god who destroys and rebuilds. He has three eyes, symbolizing the moon, sun and fire.

34.

WRITE THE ANSWERS IN YOUR COPY

  • Why is Hinduism described as a polytheistic religion?
  • Brahman is ...?
  • Name the three most important Hindu gods.
  • Explain what samsara is.
  • Karma is ....?
Photo by JKim1
35.

Research
Pick one of the following three Hindu gods:
Brahma
Vishnu
Shiva
Find out what you can about them and present your findings on a poster.

Photo by jimmiehomeschoolmom
36.

Untitled Slide

37.

ISLAM

38.

A BIT ABOUT ISLAM

  • Monotheistic
  • Followers are called Muslims
  • Founded by Muhammad.
  • Kaaba
  • Qur’an
  • Six Articles of Faith
  • Halal
  • Haram
3. The last and greatest prophet sent by Allah to guide his people on the right path. Born in Mecca. After seeing greed and fighting all round him, he went to a cave to pray. Received a revelation from God when the Angel Gabriel appeared to him.
4. In Mecca. A big building covered in black. Islam’s holiest shrine. Muslims face towards it when they pray.
5. Sacred text of Islam. Muslims believe it to be the word of Allah. Contains beliefs and moral codes.
6. See next slide.
7. Things allowed in Islam. E.g. Halal meat from animals slaughtered a certain way.
8. Things forbidden in Islam. E.g. Pork and alcohol.
Photo by Hussain Ibrahim
39.

6 ARTICLES OF FAITH

  • One God
  • Angels
  • Prophets
  • Holy Scriptures
  • Day of Judgement or the afterlife
  • God’s will or fate
Things Muslims must believe in.
Photo by iambuggo
40.

FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM

  • Creed
  • Prayer
  • Charity
  • Fasting
  • Pilgrimage
The moral code containing the practices Muslims must perform in order to live a proper life.
1. A statement of belief. There is only one God and Muhammad is his messenger.
2. Pray 5 times a day facing Mecca. Clean themselves first (wudu). Pray on a mat to kneel and recite parts of the Qur’an with specific moves (ra’ka).
3. Share the wealth Allah has blessed them with by giving 2.5% of their yearly savings to charity.
4. During the month of Ramadan they don’t eat or drink between sunrise and sunset. They pray more then and focus on their faith.
5. The Hajj is a pilgrimage to Mecca and every Muslim should make it once in their lifetime.
Photo by Peter Ras
41.

WRITE THE ANSWERS IN YOUR COPY

  • What is the name Muslims give to their God?
  • Name the last and greatest prophet in Islam.
  • The Kaaba is the sacred text of Islam. True/False?
  • Name the 5 Pillars.
  • What is the name of the time when Muslims fast?
Photo by JKim1
42.

Research
Go online and find a video of the following:
A) A Muslim performing their prayers.
B) A Muslim speaking about their experience of Ramadan.
C) A video about the Hajj.

Photo by jimmiehomeschoolmom
43.

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44.

JUDAISM

Star of David
Photo by Violentz
45.

A BIT ABOUT JUDAISM

  • Monotheistic
  • Founded by Abraham in Israel.
  • Covenant.
  • Moses.
  • Exodus.
  • Torah
  • 10 Commandments
  • Prophets
  • Kosher
  • Shabbat
3. A promise from God to the people through Abraham who was to travel to Canaan (The Promised Land)
4. Saw the Burning Bush. God spoke to him. Approached Pharaoh to set the Jews free. He refused. 10 plagues sent.
Angel of death to kill first-born sons. Jews told to sacrifice a lamb and place the blood on their front door for Passover.
5. Red Sea parted and allowed the Jews out of Egypt and slavery.
6. God gave Moses the Torah, which means ‘teaching’. How to live.
7. The Jewish people’s moral code.
8. God sent prophets as a reminder of the covenant. A person called by God to receive an important message and preach to to the people. E.g. Jeremiah and Isaiah.
9. Clean and pure. E.g. an animal should be killed a certain way. Pork and shellfish are not kosher.
10. Jewish Sabbath begins on Friday evening at sunset and ends the same time on Saturday. A day of rest.
Photo by Jonas Hansel
46.

WRITE THE ANSWERS IN YOUR COPY

  • Where was Judaism founded?
  • What is a covenant?
  • A prophet is ....
  • Name the Jewish moral code.
  • What does Kosher mean?
Photo by JKim1
47.

Group Work
Now that we have touched on the 5 major world religions, your teacher will place you in groups and an assigned Religion to find out more.

Photo by John Schnobrich
48.

REFLECTIVE ANSWERS

  • What are your most important religious beliefs?
  • Which major world religion did you find most interesting to learn about and why?
  • Which religion’s key belief do you feel you know the most about?
Photo by WanderingtheWorld (www.ChrisFord.com)

Niamh O’Flanagan