In 1988, she joined NASA at the Ames Research Center and in 1995 she was selected as an astronaut candidate and reported to Johnson Space Center.
She was in space for over 31 days, 14 hours and 54 minutes.
In 2003 , onboard Columbia , Chawla and the crew performed nearly 80 experiments studying Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety.
During the launch of its 28th Earth-orbiting mission, a piece of insulating foam broke off and struck the left wing of the space ship.
On February 1, 2003, on re-entry Chawla and the rest of Columbia's crew was lost when the shuttle was re-entering Earth's atmosphere. The damaged wing allowed super heated gases to penetrate the orbiter leading to explosion over Texas.