Kidney Stones Project
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
KIDNEY STONES
SCIENCE DISEASE PROJECT BY EMMA MACKAY
BASIC INTRODUCTION
- Stone is a small solid made of minerals
- It can happen by itself, or sometimes from certain risks
- Can happen at any age, but teens girls are the most common to have them
THE KIDNEY STONE ITSELF
- Four main types are Calcium, Uric Acid, Struvite, and Cystine
- Usually a yellow or brown tint
- Range from a fraction of an inch to several inches
KIDNEY STONE DIAGRAM
RISK FACTORS
- Had them before
- Someone in your family had them
- Doesn’t drink enough water
- Diet is high in sodium or sugar
- Obesity
- Has had a previous intestinal surgery
- Urine has a lot of oxalate, calcium, or uric acid
- You have PKD or another certain kidney disease
SYMPTOMS OF KIDNEY STONES
- Pain while urinating
- Sharp pain in your back or lower abdomen
- Nausea or vomiting
- Blood in your urine
TREATMENT FOR KIDNEY STONES
- Pain medication
- Lots of fluids
- Shock wave lithotripsy
- Ureteroscopy
- Removal surgery (pertaneous nephrolithotomy)
PROGNOSIS
- Most people pass them without any trouble
- The surgery is a rare situation
- Death is a rare occasion, and is not likely
- 200,000 US cases each year
PREVENTION
- No real prevention
- Hydration and healthy lifestyle is key
- Hereditary cases are not stoppable
THANK YOU
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