Labor movements and leaders

Workers of the 1920's

• Unionism: organization of workers in industry
• 5 million members
• Fair wages, shorter workdays, safer working conditions
• Unionism challenged political power of industry

Labor leaders

• Eugene Debs: socialist
• Bill Haywood: socialist founder of Industrial Workers of the World and in favor of sabotage and violence
• Emma Goldman: anarchist and supporter of unions
• Published articles and lectured around the world

1917: Woodrow Wilson silenced labor leaders by arresting them and that weakened the movement

Critical literature on labor movement

• Stories published in magazines/novels to support the labor movement
• Upton Sinclair: socialist causes, showed injustices in USA, "Oil"