a half of the earth

A LINE DRAWN AROUND THE EARTH EQUALLY DISTANT FROM BOTH POLES, DIVIDING THE EARTH INTO NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN HEMISPHERES AND CONSTITUTING THE PARALLEL OF LATITUDE 0°.

the relationship (or ratio) between distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground.

a planet's meridian adopted as the zero of longitude.

a box that shows symbols on a map.

a circle showing the principal directions printed on a map or chart.

often include much of the same data found on a political map, but their primary purpose is to show landforms like deserts, mountains and plains.

are designed to show governmental boundaries of countries, states and counties. They can also indicate the location of major cities, and they usually include significant bodies of water.

height above a given level, especially sea level.

the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator, or of a celestial object north or south of the celestial equator, usually expressed in degrees and minutes.

the angular distance of a place east or west of the meridian at Greenwich, England, or west of the standard meridian of a celestial object, usually expressed in degrees and minutes.

is the exact GPS location of a person, place or object on the Earth. Knowing the specific spot where something or somebody

A landform is a geomorphological unit, and is largely defined by its surface form and location in the landscape. As part of the terrain a landform is an element of topography.