Marbury V. Madison
Published on Nov 18, 2015
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What is Marbury V. Madison?
Marbury v. Madison (1803), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court formed the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution.
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Why was this case so important?
Marbury v. Madison, arguably the most important case in Supreme Court history, was the first U.S. Supreme Court case to apply the principle of "judicial review"
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How so?
judicial review--the ability of the Supreme Court to limit Congressional power by declaring legislation unconstitutional--in the new nation.
The court ruled that the new president, Thomas Jefferson, via his secretary of state, James Madison, was wrong to prevent William Marbury from taking office as justice of the peace for Washington County in the District of Columbia. However, it also ruled that the court had no jurisdiction in the case and could not force Jefferson and Madison to seat Marbury.
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Marbury was one of many "midnight justices," whom Federalist President John Adams had appointed at the very end of his term in office, before the Democrat-Republican Thomas Jefferson succeeded him. So the technical result was a victory for Jefferson's Secretary of State, James Madison because he was able to keep the Federalist from being a D.C. judge.
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Marbury v. Madison gave the Supreme Court the power of judicial review... It could strike down laws of Congress as unconstitutional. This made the Supreme Court powerful, and most of its rulings have favored big government. Thomas Jefferson disliked the judiciary and big government, so in the larger scheme of things the ruling was a defeat for Jefferson and Madison.
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