TRANSNATIONAL CRIME AT SEA

WHAT ARE THE THREATS?

• Piracy and maritime violence or terror
• Smuggling: drugs, weapons, fuel
• Irregular migration
• IUU fishing & forced labour

MAJOR INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS

• UNCLOS
• Vienna Narcotic Drugs Convention
• IPOA IUU & Port State Measures Agreement
• Migrant Smuggling Protocol
• SUA Convention

REGIONAL INSTRUMENTS

• 2000 Agreement on information exchange (MALPHINDO + Cambodia)
• 2004 ReCAAP
• 2004 MLAT
• 2007 ASEAN counter terrorism convention
• 2015 ASEAN trafficking convetion

ASEAN MECHANISMS, 1

• Ministerial meeting on transnational crime (AMMTC)
• Law ministers meeting (ALAWMM)
• Defence ministers meeting (ADMM)
• Transport ministers meeting (ATM)

ASEAN MECHANISMS, 2

• ASEAN Maritime Forum
• ASEAN Regional Forum
• Statements of 2003 and 2004 on piracy and terrorism
• ARF Work Plan on Maritime Security 2018-2020

REGIONAL INITIATIVES

• ReCAAP
• Singapore IFC
• MALPHINDO patrols

THEMES

• Maritime crime is intersectional
• Information sharing is key
• Build on practical successes
• National implementation over international architecture
• Gaps and emerging threats?

FURTHER SOURCES

• Zhen Sun, ASEAN framework to enhance maritime security in Southeast Asia (CIL NUS 2017)
• ASEAN mechanisms on maritime security cooperation (RSIS NTU 2017)

DR DOUGLAS GUILFOYLE