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Mechanical Weathering
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Published on Mar 16, 2016
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1.
Mechanical Weathering
Breaks down rocks into smaller pieces
Nothing created or destroyed
Mineral Composition is the same
2.
Mechanical Weathering
Called Physical Weathering
Occurs faster in cold climates
3.
Types
Ice Wedging
Exfoliation
Thermal Expansion
4.
Ice Wedging
Water is trapped in cracks
Cold weather causes it to freeze
5.
Ice Wedging
when frozen, it expands and pushes the cracks farther apart until the rock breaks
6.
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7.
Exfoliation
Rocks pieces peel off in thin layers on individual boulders, or in thick slabs
8.
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9.
Thermal Expansion
heating and cooling due to climate changes causes minerals to expand and contract, which can cause fractures in the rock
10.
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11.
Biological Weathering
caused by biotic factors
animals burrowing
plant roots
bacteria, lichens, animal feces that secreting acid
12.
Biological Mechanical Weathering
Plant Growth – plants send out root systems, roots find way into cracks . As the roots increase in size, they force rock sections apart.
13.
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14.
Animal Mechanical Weathering
Animals can cause wedging between cracks
Burrowing, foraging and den-making activities can also cause rocks to become exposed
15.
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16.
Chemical Weathering
the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes and produces rock particles that have a different mineral makeup from the rock they came from.
17.
Chemical Weathering
occurs faster in warm, moist climates
water is a major agent/factor
Not all minerals can be chemical weathered!
18.
Types of Chemical Weathering
dissolving (dissolution)
oxidation
hydrolysis
19.
Dissolving (Dissolution)
Water, containing acid from dissolved carbon dioxide, dissolves minerals from a rock body leaving cavities in the rock.
Create sinkholes or cave features such as stalactites and stalagmites.
20.
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21.
Acid Rain
22.
Oxidation (Rust)
Minerals combine with oxygen to form new minerals that are not as hard.
For example, the iron-containing mineral pyrite forms a rusty-colored mineral called limonite
23.
Hydrolysis
Minerals may chemically combine with water to form new minerals.
new minerals are softer
24.
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Allison Spillman
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