MARISSA PEOPLES

The Holy Roman Empire

CHARLEMAGNE

WILLIAM OF NORMANDY

• French noble
• Conquered England
• Battle of Hastings
• Became William the Conqueror
• Began Feudalism in England

PAPAL AUTHORITY AND THE CLERGY

• clergy-church officials
• Church gained much power
• Religious affairs
• Unhappy people from political nature

THE CRUSADES

• Pope Urban II was asked to help the Byzantine
• Christians were called to retake the Holy Land
• 1000s of people joined Pope's army
• First-1096 Second-1147 Third-1189 Fourth-1201
• No more successful crusades after the fourth

KING RICHARD I AND SALADIN

• Third Crusade
• Only King Richard stayed in the Holy Land
• Saladin was King Richard's main opponent
• King Richard and Saladin negotiated for months
• Richard returned with Jerusalem in Muslim hands

MAGNA CARTA

• Signed in 1215
• Document listing rights for Englishmen
• Required king to honor certain rights
• Inspired the English to find ways to limit king's power
• The Magna Carta changed England's government

THE PLAGUE

• The Black Death, swept Europe in 1347-1351, deadly
• Originally from central and eastern Asia
• Caused from diseased rats from Mediterranean ports
• Swept about 1/3 of Europe
• Fleas feasted on the blood of rats, passed plague to people

HUNDRED YEARS' WAR

• King of England and French man claimed the throne of France
• English King invaded France a few years later
• English armies won most battles
• Joan of Arc led France and was captured by the English
• The war changed government in both countries

SPANISH INQUISITION
The Spanish Inquisition is an organization of priests that
looked for and punished anyone in Spain for secretly
practicing their old religion. The inquisition spread to
Portugal as well. The Spanish/Portuguese inquisitions were ruthless in
seeking heretics, Muslims,
and Jews. People found guilty of heresy were
sentenced in public ceremony and many were killed-by being burned to death. 1,400/2,000 we're put to death by the Portuguese.