Misarticulations of [f] and [v]

labiodental fricatives

Age of Mastery

What does this mean for therapy?

• treat [f] first
• [v] may not follow
• [v] may develop on its own

Types of Misarticulations

• [p/f] and [b/v] substitutions
• Bilabial fricative substitution [φ] = voiceless [β] = voiced