There are five federally recognized Native American Tribes in Idaho.

The Shoshone-Paiute tribe is located on the Duck Valley Indian Reservation. This green valley is located on the Idaho and Nevada border. This was chosen for the location of the Shoshone-Paiute tribe because of the wild game, fish, wild berries, fertile soil, and an abundance of water.

Fort Hall is located in Southeastern Idaho between the towns of Pocatello, Blackfoot, and American Falls. The Fort Hall Reservation was established in 1867.

The Kootenai tribe of Idaho is one of the federally recognized Native American tribes of Idaho. The Kootenai tribe of Idaho is located in northern Idaho. The Kootenai tribe did not have any designated land within the United States until 1974 when 67 remaining members of the Kootenai tribe declared war on the United States.

The Nez Perce Indian Reservation consists of 750,000 acres. The headquarters of the Nez Perce Indian Reservation is located in Lapwai, Idaho.

Coeur D'Alene tribe is located in northern Idaho, eastern Washington, and western Montana. The reservation covers 345,000 acres.