Neuron Physiology
Published on Nov 18, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
STRUCTURES
- Cell body, Nucleus, Mitochondria
- Dendrites
- Axon
- Myelin, Schwann cells, Nodes of Ranvier
- Axon terminals
Cell body contains the nucleus and mitochondria. The mitochondria is the cellular organelle that creates energy within in cell.
Dendrites are the extensions of the cell body that pick up stimulus.
Axon is the long "tail".
Myelin is the fat wrapping around the axon that is created by Schwann cells. The Nodes of Ranvier are the spaces on the axon without myelination.
Axon terminals are the ends of the axons, where neurotransmitters are stored.
Dendrites are the extensions of the cell body that pick up stimulus.
Axon is the long "tail".
Myelin is the fat wrapping around the axon that is created by Schwann cells. The Nodes of Ranvier are the spaces on the axon without myelination.
Axon terminals are the ends of the axons, where neurotransmitters are stored.
Photo by pennstatenews
PHYSIOLOGY
- Dendrites identify stimulus
- Action potential generated
- Saltatory conduction
- Triggers release of neurotransmitters
- Neurotransmitters into synaptic cleft
Dendrites identify stimulus from receptors in the body.
An action potential is generated when the charge of the membrane becomes disrupted.
Saltatory conduction is the movement of the action potential down the length of the neuron, jumping over the myelin.
Once the action potential reaches the axon terminal, neurotransmitters are release into the synaptic cleft.
An action potential is generated when the charge of the membrane becomes disrupted.
Saltatory conduction is the movement of the action potential down the length of the neuron, jumping over the myelin.
Once the action potential reaches the axon terminal, neurotransmitters are release into the synaptic cleft.
Photo by Grey cells
SYNAPSE
- Neurotransmitters
- Vesicles
- Synaptic cleft
- Posy synaptic receptors
- Sending versus receiving cell
Neurotransmitters are chemicals for communication.
Vesicles store neurotransmitters.
The synaptic cleft is the space between the axon terminal and the post synaptic membrane.
The sending cell sends the message and the receiving cell receives the message. :)
Vesicles store neurotransmitters.
The synaptic cleft is the space between the axon terminal and the post synaptic membrane.
The sending cell sends the message and the receiving cell receives the message. :)
Photo by Life Mental Health
REFLEX
- Autonomic
- Somatic
- Motor, sensory, interneuron
- 2 versus 3 neuron arc
Autonomic reflexes affect inner organs while somatic reflexes affect muscles.
Motor neuron - connected to muscle
Sensory neuron - connected to receptor
Interneuron - in-between a motor and sensory neuron
2 neuron arcs contain only a motor and sensory neuron while a 3 neuron arc includes the interneuron between the other two.
Motor neuron - connected to muscle
Sensory neuron - connected to receptor
Interneuron - in-between a motor and sensory neuron
2 neuron arcs contain only a motor and sensory neuron while a 3 neuron arc includes the interneuron between the other two.
Photo by asymptoticdesign
