OPIUM WAR

THE CHINA TEA TRADE

• China had an amount of tea
• The British wanted tea because it was cold in their country
• The china traded tea with the British for silver

INDIA- TAX ON EXPORT OF OPIUM

• The Chinese economy was poor
• The East Indian company needed the Chinese market 4 the $$ it made & because they could gather taxes
• The answer to raising taxes was in ginger and opium

CHINA'S RESPONSE

• Chinese authorities at Canton seized the opium and set fire to it
• The Chinese were forced to negotiate
• But the fighting continued
• The Chinese offered a three million dollar ransom to the British if they would not bombard Nanking.

BRITAIN'S RESPONSE

• British warships sailed into China's Pearl River Delta & unleashed a barrage of violence

US AND CHINA

SELF STRENGTHENING MOVEMENT

• Period of institutional reforms initiated during the Qing dynasty following a series of military defeats
• their aim was to strengthen the nation by preserving Qing rule and maintaining traditional Confucian values

THE OPEN DOOR POLICY

• Statement of principles initiated by the US 4 the protection of equal rights among countries trading w/China
• Secretary of State John Hayes 1st articulated the concept of the Open Door in China in a series of notes in 1899
• Open Door” became the official U.S. policy towards the Far East in the first half of the 20th century.

DOLLAR DIPLOMACY

• The effort of the United States—particularly under President William Howard Taft
• further its aims in Latin America & East Asia through use of its economic power by guaranteeing loans made 2 countries.

PRESIDENT WILSON'S FOURTEEN POINTS (5TH POINT)

• A free, open-minded, and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims
• based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty the interests

PRES.WILSON HIPOCRACY

THE NINE POWERS TREATY

• a treaty affirming the sovereignty and territorial integrity of China as per the Open Door Policy
• effectively prompted Japan to cede territorial control of the Shandong Province to the Republic of China.