Overview of Sleep
Published on Feb 09, 2016
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Circadian Rhythm is a biological process of 24 hours in the human body
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Stage 1 is where you drift in and out of sleep and can be awakened easily
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Stage 2, eye movement stops and brain waves become slower with only an occasional burst of rapid brain waves.
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Stage 3, extremely slow brain waves called delta waves are interspersed with smaller, faster waves.
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Stage 4, the brain produces delta waves almost exclusively.
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Stages 3 and 4 are referred to as deep sleep or delta sleep, and it is very difficult to wake someone from them. In deep sleep, there is no eye movement or muscle activity.
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REM sleep happens 90 minutes after you fall asleep. The first period of REM typically lasts 10 minutes. Each of your later REM stages gets longer, and the final one may last up to an hour. Your heart rate and breathing quickens.
You can have intense dreams during REM sleep, since your brain is more active.
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Insomnia
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Insomnia is a persistent disorder that can make it hard to fall asleep, hard to stay asleep or both, despite the opportunity for adequate sleep. With insomnia, you usually awaken feeling unrefreshed, which takes a toll on your ability to function during the day.
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Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder that causes excessive sleepiness and frequent daytime sleep attacks.
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Sleep Apnea
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Sleep apnea is a potentially serious sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts. You may have sleep apnea if you snore loudly and you feel tired even after a full night's sleep.
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Sleep helps the brain commit new information to memory through a process called memory consolidation.
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Chronic sleep deprivation may cause weight gain by affecting the way our bodies process and store carbohydrates, and by altering levels of hormones that affect our appetite.
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Sleep debt contributes to a greater tendency to fall asleep during the daytime. These lapses may cause falls and mistakes such as medical errors, air traffic mishaps, and road accidents.
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Sleep loss may result in irritability, impatience, inability to concentrate, and moodiness.
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Serious sleep disorders have been linked to hypertension, increased stress hormone levels, and irregular heartbeat.
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Sleep deprivation alters immune function, including the activity of the body’s killer cells. Keeping up with sleep may also help fight cancer.
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