30 YEARS WAR

• This was the last destructive war over religion
• By 1600 the HRE had 360 provinces and half were Protestants and
• Half were catholic and Spain was weak now
• So the HRE Catholics and the HRE Protestants were ready to capitalize and
• For one to be the successor they had to fight for it

START OF THE WAR

• A Jesuit Hapsburg Ferdinand was made the king of Bohemia
• His mission was to turn Bohemia, Austria and Poland. Back Catholic
• As king he immediately deprived the Protestant right to worship
• As revenge the. Protestants threw some of his regents out of a
• 70 ft church window

START OF THE WAR (CONT)

• The Regents landed in a giant pile of poop after they were thrown
• Out of the window and news spread around that the regents fell
• In poop because angels saved the regents by throwing them in poop
• A year after this incident, Ferdinand was crowned HRE
• However his own people didn't acknowledge him as king so they crowned their own HRE

THE DUTCH PHASE

• Protestants everywhere now feared Ferdinand
• The Dutch mounted a Protestant revolt but were crushed by the catholic army
• He crushed the Dutch so bad that Ferdinand felt like it was time to issue the Edict of Restitution
• The Edict gave Protestant lands back to the Catholics
• This caused mad panic throughout the empire and Europe

THE WAR

• The Protestants had a military leader,Gustavus Adolphus a Lutheran from Sweden
• He went after Wallenstein and Ferdinand with a French funded army s jj
• The Protestants had hope and he used muskets and strong discipline to modernize his army
• The Catholics & Protestants fought battles for more than two years until Gustavus killed Wallenstein
• Wallenstein wanted to take over the HRE however Ferdinand found out and had him killed

AFTERMATH OF THE WAR

• The French openly joined the war on the side of the Protestants and Dutch
• Over 1/3 of the population was killed in this war
• Only England didn't enter the war
• In 1648, the treaty of Westphalia is agreed to
• The treaty ends the war and legalizes Calvinism in the HRE and this made the French happy

AFTERMATH (CONT)

• Legalizing Calvinism made the French happy because the princes were free of control
• And Switzerland the Dutch broke away
• Neither the Catholics nor the Protestants liked the outcome of the war which usually means it was a good treaty
• It got blames for all the ills of Central Europe thereafter

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