THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

BEFORE WE BEGIN

• We need to talk about why the English language seems to be formulaic sometime.
• To show you what that means, the tense of the English language can often be determined based off of spelling.
• The common known formula for deriving the past tense of a verb is base form of verb (example: walk) + -d or -ed. (Walk becomes walked)

BEFORE WE BEGIN

• You only use -d for words that end in a vowel. Example of that is blame (base word) to make it past tense you add a -d (blamed)
• You only use -ed for words that end with consonants. Example is fix (base word), again to make it past tense you simply add -ed (fixed).

Some verbs even change their spelling completely according to their verb tense. Here are some examples of irregular verbs

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How to tell the difference between past tense and past participle.

Example:
The lake had froze when we got there.

The lake was getting frozen when we got there.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSES

• The past participle of the verb is often in conjunction with the perfect tenses.
• The present perfect tense suggest cascading timelines.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE: REPEATED ACTIVITIES

• Example: They have seen that film twice.
• This means that they watched the movie two times, but we unsure when exactly they watched the movie.

P. P. T. :ACTION EXPECTED TO BE CARRIED OUT

• Example: My package has not arrived yet.
• This means that I am expecting a package soon.
• P. P. T. : Experiences
• Example: They have been to the concert.

P. P. T. : CHANGE

• Example: I have gained weight during summer.
• P. P. T. : continuous action that started from the past
• Example: I have had this phone since 6th grade.

TO SUM UP THE LESSON

• The tense of a verb can be determined base off of spelling.
• The formula for deriving the past tense of a verb is *base form of the verb + -d/-ed.
• Verbs that change their spelling completely according to verb tense are irregular verbs.
• Present perfect tense suggest cascading timelines.
• Present perfect tense can indicate 5 things: Repeated activities, Action expecting to be carried out, Experiences, Change, and Continuous action that started in the past.