Why does the CPU consume more power when it overclocks?
you'd expect it to rise the power bill, but not significantly. based on the specs of your computer, the processor can handle native power management, and the software can regulate power usage.
First, measure when the computer starts to run fans at max power. Then, run a stress test, and finish up the test by measuring when the fan runs at normal speed.
People that need to prevent overclock are people who have a cheap power supply? People with a cheap power supply need to preserve the power allocated to the CPU because if the power supply overheats trying to provide enough power to the CPU both components can explode.
The power needed for the power supply consumes the most power, because it distributes power to every single component in the computer. The component that uses the most power is the motherboard because it handles all external connections, to external hard drives, SSDs, and mouses.
The power usage depends on your computer. On Windows machines, the application what uses the most power is explorer.exe, and on Mac, it’s the Finder.ini because that handles the storage drives and the processes on the computer. On Linux, the power usage is significantly lower, depending on which opening system you use.