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Skin Cancer

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Skin Cancer by Elli Seiff

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There is more than one type of skin cancer. First there is melanoma, which is the rarest form of skin cancer, with 76,000 people diagnosed with it each year in the US. It also is the most aggressive type, and it's the most likely to spread to other parts of the body.

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Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are two other types of skin cancer. They are often referred to as "nonmelanoma" and rarely spread to other parts of the body. Possible signs include small, red rashes or bumps or skin that is rough, patchy, and red.

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CAUSES AND RISKS OF SKIN CANCER INCLUDE

  • Ultraviolet radiation
  • Genetics
  • People with lighter skin, freckles, light eyes, or blonde and red hair are higher at risk for skin cancer
  • Living in a sunny climate or having an outdoor job puts you at risk
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Skin cancer was discovered by a French Doctor called Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laënnec in the early 1800s.

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SYMPTONS OF MELANOMA INCLUDES

  • Odd moles. Normal moles are about 1/4 of an inch or smaller and appear in childhood or young adulthood. Moles caused by melanoma usually are asymmetrical, an unhealthy looking border, different colors of skin on or around the area, a diameter larger than 1/4 of an inch, and if it's changing in size, color, etc.
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OTHER SYMPTOMS FOR MELANOMA INCLUDE

  • Sores that don't heal
  • Redness or swelling beyond the border of a mole
  • Change in sensation, like itchiness or pain
  • Scaliness, oozing, bleeding or change of appearance in the mole
  • Spread of pigment from the mole to skin surrounding the area
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SYMPTOMS FOR NONMELANOMA INCLUDE

  • Open sores that bleed, ooze, or crust and remain open for several weeks
  • Red, raised patches of skin
  • Pink, translucent, or red bumps of skin
  • Areas with unusual skin growth
  • A scar-like yellow, waxy area with an odd border
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SURVIVAL RATES FOR SKIN CANCER

  • The survival rate depends of several factors. If lymph nodes (small bean shaped organs that help fight off infection) are effected the rate is 63%. If it spreads to other parts of the body, the rate is 17%.
  • The survival rate for BCC is 95%, however for metastatic BCC the rate drops down to 10%
  • The survival rate for SCC is 90%, but with metastatic SCC it goes down to 6-3%
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Skin cancer doesn't usually heavily effect how a person functions or lives their life. However, if a patient has to undergo chemotherapy or immunotherapy, has had the cancer spread to other parts of the body, or has the cancer on their face, it may make it hard to live a normal life.

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HOW TO PREVENT SKIN CANCER

  • Wear sunscreen!
  • Avoid tanning and tanning beds
  • Seek shade
  • Check yourself for these cancers
  • Go to a dermatologist to help you check!
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CURES FOR MELANOMA INCLUDE

  • Surgery
  • In extreme cases, immunotherapy and chemotherapy
  • Prescription medications
  • Radiation therapy
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CURES FOR NONMELANOMA CANCERS INCLUDE

  • Prescription medication
  • Surgery
  • Therapy
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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Elli Seiff