Key Issue 2
Published on Nov 19, 2015
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MORE DECKS TO EXPLORE
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
English
- Part of Indo-European Language family
- Very similar to modern-day German
Photo by Retlaw Snellac Photography
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What are Language Branches?
- language collection located within language families
- related through a common ancestor
- ancestor existed several thousands of years ago
- can be confirmed by evidence (not as old as family branches)
Photo by Retlaw Snellac Photography
Language group
- collection of languages within branch
- share common origin
- in relatively recent past
- display few differences (grammar/ vocab)
Photo by Ed Yourdon
Germanic Branch: West germanic group
- Two subgroups: High and Low Germanic groups
- Elevation
- English-> derived from Low Germanic Group
- German-> derived from High Germanic Group
- Most Scandinavian languages are part of this group
Indo-Iranian Branch
- Has 100+ languages
- Divided into two groups:
- Western Group (Iranian)
- Eastern Group (Indic)
Photo by anirvan
Indo-Iranian Branch
- Indic group is more commonly used
- Hindi is very popular (1/3 of Indians speak it)
- There are dialects of Hindi, but there is only one way to write it
- So Hindi is considered one language
Photo by funkycoda
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INDO-IRANIAN BRANCH (CONT.)
- Pakistan's main language is Urdu
- Similar to Hindi but is written in Arabic
Photo by roberto_venturini
Language Families in india
- Indo-European (North)
- Dravidian (South)
- Tibetan (Northwest)
- Austro-Asiatic (Central/Eastern highlands)
- India has 18 official languages
Photo by Pratham Books
Balto-Slavic Branch
- Slavic was a language but migration caused many variations
- Many people migrated to parts of Asia and Europe
- Popular in East: Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian
- Popular in West: Polish, Czech, Slovak
- Popular in South: Sebro-Croatian, Bulgarian
Photo by quinn.anya
ROMANCE LANGUAGE BRANCH
- Evolved from Latin (Spoken by Romans)
- Spanish, Portuguese, French, Italian, and Romanian
- Conquerors spread Latin, locals added individual words
- Spoken (Vulgar) Latin was different from written Latin
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Spanish/Portuguese
- Colonization caused it to spread worldwide
- Brought to New World via colonization
Photo by Tim Evanson
CREOLE
Colonized group adopts colonizing language, with differences
Photo by BiblioArchives / LibraryArchives
PROTO-INDO-EUROPEAN
- The ancestor of the Indo-European languages is...?
- Before recorded human history
- So nobody knows what it was
- But there are theories...
Photo by erik_brockdorff
Kurgan Theory
- Kurgans (lived in current day Russia)
- Originators of Proto-Indo European
- Over time, conquered much of Europe and Asia
Photo by Tormod Sandtorv
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COLIN RENFREW SAYS
- Proto-Indo-European originated 2,000 years before Kurgans
- Lived in east Anatolia (present day Turkey)
Photo by voyageAnatolia.blogspot.com
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KAHOOT TIME:
Photo by ˙Cаvin 〄
