One channel overloaded. Solution: offload to other channel.

Both channels overloaded. Solution: segmenting. Solution: pretraining.

Incidental information (distraction). Includes extraneous clip art. Solution: weeding. Solution: signaling.

Essential material presented in confusing way. Solution: align words and pictures. Solution: eliminate redundancy.

Confusing map.

Clear map.

Essential material depends on retaining previous material in short-term memory. Solution: synchronizing. (Explain video while it is playing, for instance.) Solution: individualizing. The only solution that takes "learning styles" into account. Synchronizing helps high spatial learners, whereas low spatial learners have trouble processing visual information in any form, and so must be dealt with the way you would deal with "both channels overloaded" situations.

Implications go well beyond slide ware into video, handouts, lecture, even small group and other active engagement approaches. As you often hear from me, "out loud" is best for building framework, setting context, storytelling, and inspiration, since even a single channel can be overloaded.