The Nucleolus
Published on Mar 01, 2021
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Fun Facts!
- It is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
- It is a distinct subnuclear compartment that was first observed more than 200 years ago.
- It is a dynamic structure that disassembles when cells enter mitosis and reassembles following cell division
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Location of The Nucleolus
- The nucelous is found within the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell.
- It does NOT have a membrane
Photo by Clay Banks
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Structure & Composition of The Nucleolus
- Nucleoli which are made up of RNA, DNA.
- They form around specific chromosomal regions called nucleolar organising regions
- The Nucleolus occupies up to 25% of eukaryotic cells.
Photo by Thomas Hawk
Functions of The Nucleolus
- Ribosome Biogenesis & RNA transcription and processing
- Nuclei participate in the formation of signal recognition particles and play a role in cell's response to stress
- Regulation of mitosis, cell-cycle progressiom and proliferation
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Relation of The Nucleolus to Human Diseases
- Multiple genetic disorders have been mapped to human genes that encode proteins that are known to associate with nucleoli.
- Many forms of cancer & viral infections affect nucleolar structure or the biogenesis of ribosomes
- Malfunction of nuclei can cause conditions called, "nucleolopathies".
Photo by Drew Hays
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References
- Boisvert, F.-M., van Koningsbruggen, S., Navascués, J. and Lamond, A.I. (2007). The multifunctional nucleolus. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, [online] 8(7), pp.574–585. Available at: https://www.nature.com/articles/nrm2184 [Accessed 23 Feb. 2021].
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- MyPathologyReport.ca. (2020). Nucleoli | Pathology dictionary | MyPathologyReport.ca. [online] Available at: https://www.mypathologyreport.ca/definition-nucleoli/ [Accessed 23 Feb. 2021].
