As a result of the Industrial Revolution, many countries were able to take control of others using new technology.
The Industrial Revolution encompassed a number of components, including technological advances.
From 1800 to 1850, the population of England and Wales doubled, from nine million to eighteen million.
Henderson, W. O. The Industrial Revolution on the Continent. London: F. Cass, 1961; May, Trevor, An Economic and Social History of Britain, 1760-1990, 1995; Stearns, Peter N. The Industrial Revolution in World History, 4th. ed. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2012.
"Social and Political Impact of the First Phase of the Industrial Revolution." Industrial Revolution Reference Library. Ed. James L. Outman, Matthew May, and Elisabeth M. Outman. Vol. 1: Almanac. Detroit: UXL, 2003. 83-105. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 16 Mar. 2016.
The technological development from the Industrial Revolution caused the military to have more advanced weapons like the Maxim gun, which was the first machine gun and the repeating rifle, which was a faster loading gun and a more accurate gun.
O'Brien, Patrick Karl. "The Industrial Revolutions." Encyclopedia of European Social History. Ed. Peter N. Stearns. Vol. 2: Processes of Change/Population/Cities/Rural Life/State & Society. Detroit: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2001. 51-65. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 15 Mar. 2016.
The steam engine was a more constant and forceful source of power.
This increased the trade around the world. European countries established trade routes between Europe and Africa, India, and Southeast Asia as a result of the explorations.
Barth, James R., and Cindy T. Lee. "Trade." World Book Student. World Book, 2016. Web. 15 Mar. 2016.
Many European countries took over African civilivations because of the many resources that Africa had.
An example of this is France exported gum, palm oil, cotton, and coffee among other things from French West Africa. Which France had colonized and was now in charge of.
The doctrine of free trade appeared to promise British manufacturers and merchants with everything they needed from the non-Western world.
"new imperialism." World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2016. Web. 15 Mar. 2016.
For instance, the acquisition of Cape Colony was motivated by a desire to control sea-lanes around the bottom of Africa and thus ensure that goods from India would flow freely.
Because European countries wanted as much as Africa as they could have, the military had to forcefully gain control over the African territories. Africans who opposed European colonization were brutally suppressed by the military, who used such advanced weaponry as the Maxim and Gatling machine guns.
Lansford, Tom. "Imperialism, Free Trade." Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450. Ed. Thomas Benjamin. Vol. 2. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. 576-580. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 15 Mar. 2016.
"scramble for Africa." World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2016. Web. 15 Mar. 2016.