HISTORY & GOVERNMENT

ANCIENT GREECE

• Physical geography naturally shaped Greece
• Athens- had first democracy
• Phillip II conquered Greece on the mid 300s B. C.
• Alexander the Great took over the Persian Empire

ROMAN EMPIRE

• Rome was at first a monarchy but the became a republic.
• One of the republic greatest accomplishments was making the Twelve Tables.
• The roman laws are a lot like United States laws.
• Roman armies took over the Mediterranean territory, but let the people become citizens.
• First emperor was name Augustus

CHRISTIANITY

• Jewish teacher, Jesus of Nazareth preached to people.
• He attracted followers and enemies, soon he was executed.
• He rose three days later.
• People knew for sure that HE was the son of GOD
• In A. D. Christianity became Rome's official religion.

ROME'S DECLINE

• In A.D. 300s Roman Empire was in a decline.
• In A.D 395 empire was divided in to eastern and western parts.
• Eastern- strong and prosperous
• Western- occupied by Germanic groups, leaders over through the last emperor and ended the Western Roman Empire.
• Rome had great influence on Europe and West.

ROMAN DECLINE 2

• Spread classical culture and Christianity
• Rome laws shaped the legal system in many countries
• Latin language of Rome became language for many modern Roman languages.
• Influences many architectural styles.

A CHRISTIAN EUROPE

• Christianity held a central place in people's lives.
• Two branches- roman based and Eastern Orthodox based
• Roman spread through Germanic groups orthodox wet to Slavic groups

THE MIDDLE AGES

• Germanic king named Charlemagne united much of Western Europe until he died but then it broke up
• To bring order a new system called feudalism was enforced
• Most Western Europeans were poor peasants and farmed land.

THE CRUSADES

• Religion of Islam became popular in A.D 600s
• Muslim took over Palestine, Christians considered this the Holy Land
• Christians gathered armies to win Holy Land, but Muslims took over much of the area
• Crusades had a major impact on Europe

THE RENAISSANCE

• Renaissance came from the French word "rebirth"
• People grew a great interest in art
• Humanism became very important in this era

THR REFORMATION

• Martin Luther led a reform
• Catholic Churches didn't like the reformation
• Led to many wars between Protestants and Catholics
• Reformation strengthened power of monarchs

INDURTY AND CONFLICT

• Industrial revolution in Europe
• Machines replaced hand work
• Railroad was made
• Cities became crowded
• New weapons ruins during WWI WWII

EUROPENS EXPLORATIONS

• Series of ocean voyages
• Sailed south around Africa and Asia
• Spain found gold

ENLIGHTMENT

• Tried to turn science in to a way to explain the world
• Sparked a revolution, changed how people thought
• Political revolutions continued to erupt in Europe

A NEW ERA FOR EUROPE

• Forced out communists governments and set up democracy's
• East and west Germany joined together
• Soviet Union broke up
• Western Europe formed the EU