Female Reproductive

Gynecology

• study of female reproductive system
• Obstetrics- pregnancy & delivery
• Neonatology- Tx of the newborn

Reproductive System

• Function to produce life

Gonads/sex glands

• Female: ovaries
• Male: testes

Ovaries

• female gonads
• located in pelvic cavity attached by uterine ligaments
• follicles: sacs in ovaries

Follicles

• contains an immature ovum
• mature ovum ruptures fallicle
• Called Ovulation
• Ovulation happens 1x a month

Hormone Production

• Aids in the development of the reproductive organs
• Produces secondary sexual characteristics

Menstrual Cycle

• Ovum present at birth
• Ovulation every 21-28 days
• menarche: first cycle

Menstration

• shedding of uterine lining and bleeding
• Occurs if egg is not fertilized

Days 1-5

• Discharge of blood uterine lining

Days 6-12

• bleeding ceases and endometrium repairs
• ovum grows in follicle

Days 13-14

• ovulatory period: ovum leaves the ovary

Days 15-28

• Endocrine organ secretes the hormone progesterone which stimulates the uterine lining for fertilization

menopause

• when all eggs have been released or
• hormone production has diminished
• menstration ends

Fallopian tubes

• two tubes about 5"
• attached upper uterus
• Fimbriae fingerlike projections
• passageway for ovum

Fertilization

• usually takes place in Fallopian tube
• ovum & sperm meet

Zygote

• Embryo 2-8 weeks -
• Fetus 8 to 38-40 weeks

Uterus

• 3 parts: Fundus, Corpus, Cervix
• 3 layers: Endometrium, Myometrium, Perimetrium

Vagina

• muscular tube connects cervix with outside
• passageway for menstral flow
• receives sperm & semen from male
• female organ for intercourse
• birth canal for delivery of infant

Bartholin's Glands

• vestibilar glands
• 2 glands on side of vagina for lubrication during intercourse

Vulva

• external female genital area
• mons veneris, Labia majora, labia minora, vestibule

Untitled Slide

• clitoris: erectile tissue, sexual arousal during intercourse
• perineum: pelvic floor located between vagina and anus

Breasts

• mammary glands
• milk ducts, lactation