--A corporation is owned by shareholders, company's are controlled by the owner. The owner of a company is completely liable for debts while the corporation is different. The creation of corporations changed business in America.
-- Vertical integration is a business structure in which all of the steps to make a product/service are controlled by a single company.
-- Horizontal Integration is owning all the companies involved in just one step of the process.
--Laissez-faire is French for "let it be". Used to describe the governments approach on big business.

-- Men who gained a huge amount of power, used to become wealthy. Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, and Cornelious Vanderbuilt were able to control their industries.
-- A monopoly is formed when a corporation controls the industry it is in.
-- A trust is created when one group of shareholders at one corporation own a majority of shares in many different companies.

--Immigrant families needed everyone to work.
--Business owners had the right to do things whatever they wanted.
--The Industrial Revolution changed the working life for Americans forever. Machines reduced the average working man to a "machine tender"
--Frederick Taylors theory was the idea that each task that is performed in a factory should be analyzed to see the amount of time it took to complete. This set work standards and improved production time as well as profit in factory's, but it also made the expectation that men should not take breaks or vary their speed.
--Workers who were done with being mistreated began to organize and fight back with strikes.

--Immigrants faced multiple obstacles before and after entering America. Finding work was a struggle, pay was low, living conditions were dangerous and crowded. Life was not how it was pictured.
--Nativists advocated scientific racism (the use of false scientific methods to explore racial differences)
-- They wanted to stop immigration, therefor they had to convince America that the base of all the country's problems were caused by immigrants.

--The railroads introduced standard time zones in 1883, although it took decades for the American people to use them.
-- Department stores, store catalogs, Electric washing machines, mass production, airplane delivered mail, typewriters and much more altered America forever.
-- The five day work week with 8 hour shifts was made possible by white collar workers. Child labor was put to an end, women were no able to work and be independent, and clerical work was brought to the work force.
-- Leisure time was brought to the Americans with games, sports, and other activity's such as movies, plays etc.
-- Women worked, they participated in sports and other leisure activity's, they were trying new things.

-- The spoils system was a system in which government officials hired their own desired friends/acquaintances into office positions to help themselves out.The spoils system often backfired on the political party with regrets of the people they chose. Corruption hurt Reconstruction and the economy.
--Political machines flourished by giving cash, housing, education, and medical help to the poor when no one else provides such help. With poor people receiving their help, political machines were unstoppable with an undying amount of supporters.

--Living conditions among the urban poor were crowded and dangerous. Building codes were unsafe, police were slim to none, electricity was non existent at night, and crime was high. Most tenements lacked indoor plumbing, inside was dark and lacked ventilation, pests thrived all around, and disease flourished.
--False science had some believe that people were poor because they were inferior. Poverty mostly affected immigrants and ethnic minorities, therefore people believed that they were to blame for their poverty.