HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTION

HEPATITIS

THERE ARE THREE FORMS OF COMMON HEPATITIS

• Hepatitis A
• Hepatitis B
• Hepatitis C

UNCOMMON HEPATITS

• Hepatitis D
• Hepatitis E

HEPATITIS A

HEPATITIS A TRANSMISSION

WHO IS AT RISK?

• Travelers
• Man w/w intercourse
• Injection of illegal drugs
• Persons w/ clotting factors
• Persons working with primates

SYMPTOMS OF HAV

• Dark urine
• Abdominal pain
• Jaundice
• Clay-colored stool
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Loss of appetite

HOW IT SPREAD IN THE HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENT

HOW IS HAV TREATED?

• Vaccine

FINANCIAL COSTS

HEPATITIS B

HEPATITIS B TRANSMISSION

• Birth (infected birth canal)
• Sex w/ infected partner
• Sharing needles or other drug injectors
• Sharing razors or toothbrushes
• Direct contact w/ blood or open sores

WHO IS AT RISK FOR HBV?

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TREATMENT FOR HBV

• No medication to treat acute Hbv
• Doctors recommend rest, proper nutrition, and fluids
• Some patients may need hospitalization
• Chronic Hbv should be closely monitored for signs of liver damage
• Several medications have been approved for Hbv but not every patient needs it

FINANCIAL COSTS

HEPATITIS C

HEPATITIS C TRANSMISSION

WHO IS AT RISK?

• Current injection drug users
• Past injection drug users
• Recipient of blood or organ donation
• People who received blood products for clotting problems before 1987
• Received un-sterile tattoos and piercings
• Hemodialysis patients

Hcv symptoms are similar to those of hepatitis B and hepatitis A

HCV TREATMENT

• Acute infection can clear on its own without treatment in about 25% of people
• Chronic hcv has several medications approved by the FDA for treatment
• But there is no vaccination to prevent getting this disease

HOW IS IT SPREAD IN THE HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENT?

FINANCIAL COSTS

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