Spies of the

During the Civil war..

• Neither side had military intelligence
• Army generals had to recruit their own detectives
• Military intelligence was decentralized 

The Union

• Waited until the war started to form an espionage unit
• Their first unit was created in 1861, by Chicago detective Allan Pinkerton
• Union General George B. McClellan had used Pinkerton's info during the war 

The Confederacy

• Developed the Secret Service Bureau
• Were already operating spy rings around D.C. in 1860
• Much better served than the Union
• Their spying advantage helped them win the first battle of the war

Union spies include:

• Harriet Tubman
• Allan Pinkerton
• Mary Elizebeth Bowser 

Confederate spies include:

• Rose O'Neal Greenhow
• Belle Boyd
• Antonia Ford

As the war started, there were already spy rings operating around each of the capital cities, D.C. and Richmond

Army Generals had to gather their own form of intelligence.

Generals would create their own spy units and contracts to get the information they needed

Many American spies were under contracts with their governments,
but many spies gathered information out of love for their country

The military intelligence provided by spies helped tremendously throughout the war.
Without the spies, either side would've been crushed

As the war ended, so did spy contracts. Most spies were left with little money.

Many had tried to collect money for their service, but weren't paid as much as promised