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Copy of Mendelian Genetics

Published on Nov 18, 2015

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Mendelian Genetics

Vocabulary

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Homozygous Dominant

Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and dominant (AA).
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Alleles

Different forms of a gene.

True-Breeding

 organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate
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Hybrid

An organism that has two different alleles for a trait; an organism that is heterozygous for a particular trait.
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Homozygous Recessive

Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and recessive (aa).
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Heterozygous

An organism that has two different alleles for a trait.

Genotype

An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations.
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Phenotype

An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.

Monohybrid Cross

A cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits.
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Probability

A number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur.
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Punnett Square

A chart that shows all possible combinations of alleles that result from a genetic cross

Testcross

unknown has dominant phenotype b/c if phenotype recessive =homozygous Rec. 

Law of Segregation

pairs of homologous chromosomes separate so only 1 chromosome is present.
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Dihybrid Cross

cross of 2 & focus on track & Prediction of 2 traits of offspring.

Law of Independent Assortment

all homologous chromosomes separate independently so results are random.

Incomplete Dominance

2 alleles give trait to individual not given by parent; blend inheritance
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Codominance

A condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed.
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Multiple Allele System

gene for which three or more alleles persist in a population.
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