ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

CARBOHYDRATES - COMPOUND AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

• Carbohydrates are organic compounds
• composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of about one carbon atom to two hydrogen atoms to one oxygen atom

FUNCTIONS AND EXAMPLES OF CARBOHYDRATES

• Some carbohydrates serve as a source of energy. Other carbohydrates are used as structural materials.
• Carbohydrates can exist as monosaccharides, disaccharides, or polysaccharides.

PROTEIN - COMPOUND AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

• Proteins are organic compounds
• Proteins composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen and sulfur

PROTEIN - FUNCTIONS AND EXAMPLES

• proteins are formed from the linkage of monomers called amino acids and also have polypeptides
• Proteins help rebuild damage body tissues

LIPIDS - COMPOUND/CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

• are large, nonpolar organic molecules
• Lipid molecules have a higher ratio of carbon and hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms than carbohydrates have. Because lipid molecules have larger numbers of carbon-hydrogen bonds per gram than other organic com pounds do, they store more energy per gram.

LIPIDS - FUNCTIONS AND EXAMPLES

• They store fat
• Three classes of lipids important to living things contain fatty acids: triglycerides (fats), phospholipids, and waxes.

NUCLEIC ACIDS COMPOUND/CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

• Nucleic acids are very large and complex organic molecules
• phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, and a ring-shaped nitrogenous base.

NUCLEIC ACIDS - FUNTIONS AND EXAMPLES

• Both DNA and RNA are polymers, composed of thousands of linked monomers called nucleotides
• that store and transfer important information in the cell.