MACROMOLECULES

MACROMOLECULES

• Macromolecules :
• Large chemical combination of atoms
• Essential sources of energy
• Provide energy storage
• Provide instructions for the organism

CARBON

• Important to life
• Small
• Bonds with most other elements

PROTIENS

• A compound of amino acids essential to living things
• Made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, & nitrogen
• Monomer is amino acids
• Fold into compact shapes according to the pattern of amino acids
• Different patterns mean different substances

PROTEINS (CONTINUED)

• Biological Functions of proteins:
• Enzymes: speed up chemical reactions
• Structural: hair, muscles, & blood clots
• Antibodies: protect against infection

CARBOHYDRATES

• Carbohydrates are sugars
• Made of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen
• Monomer is monosaccharide
• Monosaccharide: 1 sugar Di: 2 sugars Poly: long chain
• Polysaccharide: starch of cellulose Monosaccharide: glucose

CARBOHYDRATES (CONTINUED)

• Biological Functions:
• Storing energy
• Breaking down fatty acids
• Glucose is used in plant photosynthesis
• Flavor & sweetener

LIPIDS

• Lipids are fats, waxes, oil, steroids, or phospholipids
• Made of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen
• Monomers are 3 fatty acids & 1 glyceral

LIPIDS (CONTINUED)

• Biological Functions of lipids:
• Make up major parts of a cell
• Form protective layers
• Control cell functions

NUCLEIC ACIDS

• Nucleic acids are DNA & RNA
• Made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, & phosphorus
• Biological Function:
• Store and transfer information (genetic code)