MUSLIM WORLD & WORLD RELIGIONS

MUHAMMAD IS BORN

• Born in 570
• Belonged to a powerful Meccan family
• Became a business manager and trader at age 25
• Married a woman name Khadijah

ABU-BAKR BECAME THE FIRST CALIPH

• 632
• Loyal friend of Muhammad
• Promised the muslim community to stay true to Muhammad
• Applied the meaning of Jihad

CALPIH UTHMAN WAS ASSASSINATED

• 656
• Caused a civil war
• People fought for power in the war
• Ali was the natural choice as a successor to Uthman

UMAYYADS ARE OVERTHROWN

• 750
• Overthrown by rebels
• Most powerful rebels: Abasids
• Abasids took control of the empire

HINDUISM

• By 250 B.C. became one of India's main faiths
• Blended Aryan beliefs with gods and cults.
• 3 most important Hindu gods: Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva
• Later, Indians began believing in only Vishnu and Shiva

BIRTH OF JESUS

• 0- marks time of BC and AD
• Christianity
• Sent by his father (God) to forgive people for their sins
• Crucified in the cross

JUDAISM

• Romans destroyed their temple in 70
• First religion to teach that there is one God
• Laws and teachings come from the Torah
• Star (shield) of David is their universal symbol

BUDDHISM

• First century, Buddhists divided over new doctrines
• Mhayana sect are people who accepted them
• Theravada sect are those who held to the strict part
• Key to happiness was detachment from world desires

ISLAM

• 630 Mecca leaders surrender
• Destroyed idols in the Ka'aba
• Most Meccans pledged loyalty
• Muhammad died 632

HOUSE OF WISDOM

• Early 800s
• Caliph Al-Ma'mun opened it
• Located in Baghdad
• A library, academy, and translation center