CHAPTER 14 AND 15 REVIEW

INDUSTRIALIZATION

POST CIVIL-WAR

• The world's leading industrialized nation...
• Natural Resources (like petroleum)
• A Large Workforce (like immigrants)

LAISSEZ-FAIRE

• "Let people do as they choose"
• Government should leave business alone
• Followed supply and demand
• Entrepreneurs do what they want
• Government fighting over tariffs

NEW INVENTIONS

• The telephone
• Electricity
• Refrigeration
• Radio
• Transatlantic cable

THE RAILROADS

Untitled Slide

• Linked the nation
• Union Pacific and Central Pacific
• Built by veterans and immigrants
• Funded by the government
• Development of National System

ROBBER BARONING

• Government gave $$ to RR
• CREDIT MOBILIER SCANDAL:
• Government officials paid themselves to build RR
• James J. Hill...example of a Captain of Industry

BIG BUSINESS

• Dominated (and still does)
• Corporations have the rights of people
• Vertical integration...own all the steps
• Horizontal integration...monopoly
• Advertising developed

ANDREW CARNEGIE

• Lived the American Dream
• Ruled the steel industry
• Both an RB and a COI
• Wrote Gospel of Wealth
• Rich people have to give back

UNIONS

• Working conditions were terrible
• Banned together to improve conditions
• Businesses hated this!
• Marxism & anarchy became very popular
• Great Railroad Strike of 1877-hot mess!

IMPORTANT PEOPLE/GROUPS

• Mother Jones
• Knights of Labor
• American Federation of Labor
• Samuel Gompers
• International Workers of the World

CHAPTER 15

IMMIGRATION

• People come for all kinds of reasons
• Voyages are difficult
• Pass through Ellis and Angel Island
• Mostly settle in cities
• NATIVISM-extreme dislike of immigrants

ANTI-IMMIGRATION

• American Protective Association
• Workingman's Party of California
• CHINESE EXCLUSION ACT:
• Prevented immigration and citizenship

URBANIZATION

• People move to the cities
• Develop skyscrapers, tenements, and mass transit
• Separated by class (and still are)
• Problems like crime, pollution, sickness
• Alcohol was a big problem...darn saloons!

URBAN POLITICS

• POLITICAL MACHINE:
• Informal political group designed to get and keep power
• GRAFT: getting $$ illegally
• TAMMANY HALL: led by Boss Tweed
• Controlled all aspects of the cities

THE GILDED AGE

A TALE OF TWO CITIES

• Individualism
• Horatio Alger
• SOCIAL DARWINISM:
• Survival of the fittest
• Developed by Herbert Spencer

KEEPIN' IT REAL

• Realism developed in the arts
• Art: Thomas Eakins
• Literature: James and Wharton

MARK TWAIN IS AWESOME!

POPULAR CULTURE

• People have $$ to spend
• Saloons
• Amusement parks
• Professional sports
• Vaudeville and Ragtime

SOCIETAL ILLS LEAD TO SOCIAL REFORM

REFORMERS

• Henry George
• Lester Frank Ward: REFORM DARWINISM
• Edward Bellamy
• Washington Gladden: SOCIAL GOSPEL

IT'S FUN TO STAY AT THE...

• Salvation Army
• YMCA
• Settlement House
• School
• Library

OTHER THINGS TO THINK ABOUT

ANY QUESTIONS?

GOOD LUCK ON THE TEST TOMORROW!