AMPHIBIAN FINAL PROJECT

BODY STRUCTURE/BUILD

• Are ectothermic
• Have bony skeleton
• Have interlocking vertebrae
• Have large shoulders, hip bones, and 4-5 digits

SKIN

• Thin, wet skin with glands(may be poisonous)
• 2 layers: epidermis has keratin, dermis has chromatophores
• Use skin to breathe

SENSES

• Sight: Cornea in the eyes act as light refracting surface
• Sight: Lacrimal glands secrete tears, and have eyelids
• Chemoreception: Olfactory epithelium detects odors in the air
• Chemoreception: skin detects chemicals

SENSES(HEARING)

• No external ear
• Well developed middle ear
• Tymapnic membrane helps them to hear out of water

RESPIRATION

• Paired nostrils take in air
• They can breathe through their skin
• In the water: breathe through their gills(larvae stage)
• On land: use their lungs through buccal pumping

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

• 3 chambered heart: 2 atrial and 1 ventricle
• 2 circuits:
• 1. Pulmonary circuit takes blood between lungs and heart
• 2. Systemic circuit takes blood to body body organs
• Spleen is able to store blood

EXCRETORY SYSTEM

• Mesonephric kidneys filter blood
• Aquatic amphibians excrete ammonia
• Terrestrial amphibians excrete urea
• Waste is stored in bladder

HABITAT(DESCRIPTION)

• Over 6500 species
• Live on all continents except Antarctica
• Live in rainforests, rivers, streams, deserts, andalpine environment

HABITAT(REASONS)

• Are cold-blooded
• Use temperature of the environment to change own body temperature
• Play an important role in the ecosystem as both predator and prey

DIGESTIVE ORGANS

• Mouth- has Jaw and tongue for catching prey
• Pharynx- food mixes with saliva from salivary glands
• Esophagus- pushes the food into the stomach
• Stomach- begins deglutition/swallowing
• Small intestine- duodenum and ileum absorb the digestive nutrients

DIGESTIVE ORGANS (5,6,7,8,9,10)

• Large intestine- reabsorbs water and absorbs unabsorbsed nutrients
• Pancreas- secretes digestive enzymes
• Liver- secretes bile
• Gallbladder- secretes bile
• Cloaca- removes waste

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