Vocabulary words
By : Angelica Roman
Mrs. Sandoval
Period 2

Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was like a big idea that influenced the American colonies to get rid of the British rule and create a new nation.

Separation of powers
Helps prevent one branch from becoming too powerful

French and Indian war
A seven-year war between England and the American colonies, against the French and some Indians in North America

SONS OF LIBERTY

• Was a organization of American colonist , the secrete society was formed to protect the rights of the colonies

AMERICAN REVOLUTION

• A political upheaval , which colonists in the Thirteen American Colonies rejected the British monarchy and aristocracy, overthrew the authority of Great Britain, and founded the United States of America.

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

• On July 4th , the continental vote to adopt the Declaration of Independence , drafted by five-man committee

NATURAL RIGHTS

• Natural rights are those not contingent upon the laws, customs, or beliefs of any particular culture or governm.

ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

• In 1781 Articles of confederation became law of the land

GREAT COMPROMISE

• Congress will be split in two , house of reps , the number of a state representative would depend on population senate each state would have equal representation

FEDERALIST

• James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay; they published The Federalist Papers, they created federalist movement to promote and adopt the proposed Constitution.

ANTI-FEDERALIST

• A movement that opposed the creation of a stronger U.S. federal government and which later opposed the ratification of the Constitution

FEDERALISM

• To strengthen the central government but still preserve the rights of the states

BILL OF RIGHTS

• 1791, added to satisfy those weary of a strong central government to protect basic freedoms, there the first 10 amendments

FREE EXERCISE CLAUSE

• Is the accompanying clause with the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States.

ESTABLISHMENT CLAUSE

• The First of various drafts that would become the amendments comprising the Bill of Rights

JUDICIAL REVIEW

• Is the doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review by the judiciary.

LOUISIANA PURCHASE

• Napoleon offered to sell all the Louisiana territory as well as New Orleans , to the United States

MONROE DOCTRINE

• Monroe decided to issue a statement , declaring that the American contents should no longer be viewed as open to colonization

TRAIL OF TEARS

• In 1838 and 1839 , as part of Andrew Jackson's Indian removal policy , the Cherokee nation was force to give up lands east of the Mississippi River and to migrate to an area to present day known now as Oklahoma

MORMONS

• Founded by Joseph smith the church of Jesus Christ of latter - day saints , who's followers are known as Mormons

MANIFEST DESTINY

• Several east - to - west routs have been carved - the Oregon trail , the California trail, and the Santa Fe trail .

SECOND GREAT AWAKENING

• Protestant revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States. The movement rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist whose preachers led the movement.

ABOLITION

• A movement to end slavery,In Western Europe and the Americas, end the African and Indian slave trade and set slaves free.

EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION

• A presidential proclamation and executive order issued by President Abraham Lincoln In a single stroke, it changed the federal legal status of more than 3 million enslaved persons in the designated areas of the South from "slave" to "free."

RECONSTRUCTION

• Following the Civil War; the second sense focuses on the transformation of the southern United States .

13TH AMENDMENT

• Abolished slavery in the United States and provides that Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime.

14TH AMENDMENT

• Addresses citizenship, rights and equal protection of the laws, and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil war .

15TH AMENDMENT

• The federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

FREEDMEN'S BUREAU

• The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands.

POLL TAXES

• A tax or fee received as a precondition of exercising the right to vote.

JIM CROW

• Were state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States.

LORD BALTIMORE

• Was the first Proprietor and Proprietary Governor of the Province of Maryland, and ninth Proprietary Governor of the Colony of Newfoundland and the colony of Avalon.

JOHN LOCKE

• An English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinker.

THOMAS JEFFERSON

• Was the 3rd u.s president , American Founding Father, and the principal author of the Declaration of Independence

JAMES MADISON

• 4th u.s president , was an American statesman,and political theorist.

JOHN MARSHALL

• was the fourth Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.

HARRIET TUBMAN

• an African-American abolitionist, humanitarian, and, during the American Civil War, she was a slave and helped slaves escape and also encouraged others slaves.

ABRAHAM LINCOLN

• Was the 16th President of the United States, serving from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865.

DRED SCOTT V STANFORD

• Sued the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court held that African Americans, whether enslaved or free, could not be American citizens , he did not end up winning but was a huge figure at that time .

PLESSY V FERGUSON

• United States Supreme Court decision upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal".