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Ch. 8 Science

Published on Nov 26, 2015

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Ch. 8 Science

Brianna Stokes

fold mountain

a mountain made mostly up mostly of rock layers folded by being squeezed together
Photo by irmiller

fault-block mountain

a mountain made by huge tilted blocks of rocks separated from surrounding rocks by faults
Photo by Ken Lund

weathering

the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces by natural processes
Photo by kqedquest

erosion

the picking up and removal of rock particles
Photo by Rudolf Getel

soil

a mixture of weathered rock, decayed plant and animal matter, living things, air, and water

humus

material in soil formed by the breakdown of plant of and animals

soil horizon

any of the layers of soil from the surface to the bedrock below

groundwater

water that soaks into soil and rock by colecting in spaces between rock particles
Photo by IRRI Images

mass wasting

the downhill movement of Earth material caused by gravity

deposition

the dropping off of sediment

glacier

a huge sheet of ice and snow that moves slowly over the land
Photo by Aztlek

till

a jumble of many sizes of sediment deposited by a glacier

moraine

a deposit of many sizes of sediment in front of or along the sides of a glacier
Photo by Dru!

mineral

a naturally occurring solid in Earth's crust with a definite structure and composition 

igneous rock

a rock that forms when hot, liquid lava cools and hardens into a solid
Photo by rachidH

sedimentary rock

a rock that forms from pieces of other rocks that are squeezed cemented together
Photo by cobalt123

metamorphic rock

a rock that forms from another kind of rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reaction

rock cycle

rocks coninually changing from one kind into another

superposition

the idea that in a series of rock layers, the bottom layer is the oldest and the top layer is the youngest

relative age

the age of a rock as compared with another rock

geologic column

a listing of Earth's rock layers in order from oldest to youngest

fossil

any trace, imprint, or remains of a living thing preserved in Earth's crust
Photo by mugley

index fossil

the ramains of a living thing that was widespread but lived for only a short part of Earth's history

half-life

the time it takes for half the mass of a radioactive element in a rock to break apart

absolute age

the age of a rock in years, as determined by measuring the decay rate 

era

one of the four long stretches of time in Earth's history