UMAYYAD DYNASTY

BEGINNING

• Came to power shortly after Muhammad's death
• Led by Abu-Bakr, the first Caliph
• Caliphs are the "deputies"; at first, they were the most devoted desciples
• Caliphs also led the Umma

EXPANSION OF ISLAM

• Islam expanded from India and the Central Asian steppe lands
• Also to the northwest Africa and the Iberian peninsula

WHO IS THE UMMA?

• Umma- original group of worshippers that were led by the caliphs
• Jizya- a tax that was applied unless you were of the Islamic religion
• Caliph- leader of the Umayyad Dynasty

SHIA/SUNNI SPLIT

• Split over land
• Leadership positions
• Leader of Shia was assassinated
• Different: beliefs, ways of leading, government

CONQUERED PEOPLES

• Taxed the peoples if they did not convert to Islam.
• We're not treated poorly or kept as slaves
• Could not gain money or large amounts of land