Untitled Haiku Deck
Published on Mar 17, 2016
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
8.5A Atoms
- the smallest component of an element.
- an atom with one of the electrons replaced by some other particle.
8.5B Valence Electrons
- VE) are the electrons in the outer shell of an atom.
- The valence electrons are the ones involved in forming bonds to adjacent atoms.
8.5C Periodic Table
- The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements, ordered by their atomic number (number of protons in the nucleus)
- The rows of the table are called periods; the columns are called groups. Six groups (columns) have names as well as numbers: for example, group 17 elements are the halogens; and group 18, the noble gases
8.5D Chemical Formulas
- A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound, using a single line of chemical element symbols, numbers, and sometimes also other symbols, such as parentheses, dashes, brackets, commas and plus (+) and minus (−) signs.
- The simplest types of chemical formulas are called empirical formulas, which use letters and numbers indicating the numerical proportions of atoms of each type.
8.5E Chemical Reactions
- A chemical reaction is typically represented by a chemical equation, which represents the change from reactants to products.
- Each product and reactant must be written using its chemical formula.
8.5F Chemical Equaction
- A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and formulae.
- The coefficients next to the symbols and formulae of entities are the absolute values of the stoichiometric numbers. The first chemical equation was diagrammed by Jean Beguin in 1615.
8.6A Unbalanced Forces
- Unbalanced forces are forces that cause a change in the motion of an object.
- Balanced forces do not cause a change in motion. When balanced forces act on an object at rest, the object will not move. If you push against a wall, the wall pushes back with an equal but opposite force. Neither you nor the wall will move. Forces that cause a change in the motion of an object are unbalanced forces
8.6B SPEED,VELOCITY,Acceleration
- Velocity and speed are very similar ideas, but velocity is a vector, and speed is not. Suppose we knew that someone was driving at thirty-five kilometers an hour (35 km/hr), but the direction wasn't given.
- Velocity is the rate of motion in a specific direction. I'm going that-a-way at 30 kilometers per hour. My velocity is 30 kilometers per hour that-a-way. Average speed is described as a measure of distance divided by time. Velocity can be constant, or it can change (acceleration). Speed with a direction is velocity.
8.6C Newtons Laws Of Motion
- I. Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it.
- II. The relationship between an object's mass m, its acceleration a, and the applied force F is F = ma. Acceleration and force are vectors (as indicated by their symbols being displayed in slant bold font); in this law the direction of the force vector is the same as the direction of the acceleration vector.
- III. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
