ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

goal: to make most ATP using H’s (NADH & FADH2)

• goal: to make most ATP using H’s (NADH & FADH2)

The electron transport chain occurs in the cristae (inner membrane)

Structure of mitochondria: 2 membranes, outer covers, inner folds over as other structures

Cytochromes: any of a number of compounds consisting of heme bonded to a protein. Cytochromes function as electron transfer agents in many metabolic pathways, especially cellular respiration”

-NADH = niacin (B complex vitamin)
-FADH2 = Riboflavin (B complex vitamin)
-They receive hydrogen atoms

-originally comes from the hydrogen that was broken down from a glucose molecule or NADH and FADH2 produced in the glycolysis and the KREB’s cycle
-the energy from the electrons is used to produce ATP

What is ATP Synthase? Where is it found?
-an enzyme that creates ATP
-in the inner membrane of the mitochondria/ in the matrix

Are any molecules oxidized during the electron transport chain? Reduced?
-Most of the free energy released during the oxidation of glucose to CO2 is retained in the reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2 generated during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.

Chemiosmosis: The movement of hydrogen ions through a semipermeable membrane down the electrochemical gradient usually in references to the creation of ATP

Where do the hydrogen ions (H+) come from?
- The protons (hydrogen ions) would be taken and then flow through ATP synthase into the matrix.

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