Atmosphere Vocab.
Published on Apr 19, 2016
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Ozone
- a colorless unstable toxic gas with a pungent odor and powerful oxidizing properties, formed from oxygen by electrical discharges or ultraviolet light.
Photo by NASA Goddard Photo and Video
Troposphere
- the lowest region of the atmosphere, extending from the earth's surface to a height of about 3.7–6.2 miles
- The lower boundary of the stratosphere.
Photo by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center
Stratosphere
- the layer of the earth's atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 32 miles above the earth's surface
- The lower boundary of the mesosphere
Photo by andrewcparnell
Mesosphere
- the region of the earth's atmosphere above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere
- Between about 30 and 50 miles in altitude.
Photo by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center
Thermosphere
- the region of the atmosphere above the mesosphere and below the height at which the atmosphere ceases to have the properties of a continuous medium
- The thermosphere is characterized throughout by an increase in temperature with height
Photo by antonychammond (off4awhile)
Conduction
- the process by which heat is transmitted directly through a substance when there is a difference of temperature or of electrical potential between adjoining regions, without movement of the material.
Photo by danjv
Convection
- the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat.
Photo by Mark Morgan Trinidad B
Radiation
- the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or moving subatomic particles, especially high energy particles that cause ionization
- divergence out from a central point, in particular evolution from an ancestral animal or plant group into a variety of new forms
Photo by gtrwndr87
Greenhouse Effect
- the trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface
Photo by allispossible.org.uk
Sublimation
- a chemical process where a solid turns into a gas without going through a liquid stage.
Photo by chooyutshing
Deposition
- Wet deposition includes all forms of acid precipitation such as acid rain, snow, & fog
- The accumulation of acidic particles that settle out of the atmosphere or of acidic gases that are absorbed by plant tissues is known as dry deposition
Photo by subarcticmike
Humidity
- a quantity representing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere or a gas
- Atmospheric moisture
Photo by revedavion.com
Dew Point
- the atmospheric temperature below which water droplets begin to condense and dew can form
- Varying according to pressure and humidity
Photo by judy_and_ed
Coriolis Effect
- an effect whereby a mass moving in a rotating system experiences a force acting perpendicular to the direction of motion and to the axis of rotation.
- On Earth, the effect tends to deflect moving objects to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern and is important in the formation of cyclonic weather systems.
Photo by NASA Goddard Photo and Video
Jet Stream
- a narrow, variable band of very strong, predominantly westerly air currents encircling the globe several miles above the earth.
Photo by NASA Goddard Photo and Video
Cyclone
- a system of winds rotating inward to an area of low atmospheric pressure, with a counterclockwise (northern hemisphere) or clockwise (southern hemisphere) circulation
Photo by NASA Goddard Photo and Video
Anticyclone
- a weather system with high atmospheric pressure at its center, around which air slowly circulates in a clockwise (northern hemisphere) or counterclockwise (southern hemisphere) direction.
Photo by SAGT
Anemometer
- an instrument for measuring the speed of the wind, or of any current of gas.
Photo by adafruit
El Nino
- an irregularly occurring and complex series of climatic changes affecting the equatorial Pacific region and beyond every few years
- characterized by the appearance of unusually warm, nutrient-poor water off northern Peru and Ecuador, typically in late December.
Photo by paris_tx
La Nina
- a cooling of the water in the equatorial Pacific that occurs at irregular intervals and is associated with widespread changes in weather patterns
Photo by .Bambo.
Warm Front
- defined as the changeover region where a warm air mass is replacing a colder air mass
Photo by rkramer62
Cold Front
- defined as the changeover region where a cold air mass is replacing a warmer air mass.
Photo by Bernd Thaller
Stationary Front
- a pair of air masses, neither of which is strong enough to replace the other
Photo by NASA Goddard Photo and Video
Thunder Storm
- a storm with thunder and lightning and typically also heavy rain or hail.
Photo by gusdiaz
Tornado
- a mobile, destructive vortex of violently rotating winds having the appearance of a funnel-shaped cloud and advancing beneath a large storm system
Photo by markkilner
Global Warming
- a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth's atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and other pollutants
Photo by { pranav }
