Infections disease was an expected, almost everyday feature of nineteen-century life.Smallpox,typhus, typhoid,dysentery, diphtheria, scarlet fever, tuberculosis, and cholera were among the many illnesses that made industrial cities popular.
Since population was increasing in Great Britain at the same time that landowners were enclosing common village lands, people from the countryside flocked to the towns and the new factories to get work.
In the 1830s and the 1840s there were three massive waves of contagious disease: the first, from 1831 to 1833, included two influenza epidemics and the initial appearance of cholera; the second, from 1836 to 1842, encompassed major epidemics of influenza, typhus, typhoid, and cholera.