MEDIEVAL TIMES

HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE

• The Holy Land was the region where Jesus had lived, preached, and died.
• Kings were elected by the empire's nobles.
• Muslims invaded the Holy Land and started the Crusades.

CHARLEMANGE

• King of Franks in 768.
• King of Italy in 744.
• Known as Charles the Great.
• Skilled military strategist

WILLIAM OF NORMANDY

• Known as William the Conquerer.
• Fought to increase his power.
• Died in 1087.

PAPAL AUTHORITY AND THE CLERGY

• A clergy was a church official
• Their teachings were very influential in European culture and politics

THE CRUSADES

• The crusades were a long series of war between Christians and Muslims in southwest Asia
• The first crusade started in 1096
• The first crusade was the most successful as later crusades faied
• Ended in 1291
• The crusades had failed

KING RICHARD 1 AND SALADIN

• King Richard was called lion hearted for his bravery
• King Richard was a skilled solider and a great general
• Saladin was called the greatest general of the Middle Ages
• Successfully held Jerusalem against Richard 1 in the third crusade

MAGNA CARTA

• One of the first documents to protect the rights of the people
• So influential some of the British still consider it part of their constitution
• Required the king to follow these rights
• One of the rights was habeas corpus

THE PLAGUE

• Called the Black Death
• Caused by rats on shipping boats with fleas
• Killed millions of people
• The Manor System fell apart due to the plague

HUNDRED YEARS WAR

• A long conflict between England and France
• Joan of Arc completely changed the war
• Changed the governments of both England and France

SPANISH INQUISTION

• Organization of priests
• Punished anyone practicing a secret religion
• Jews faced discrimination
• Used to ensure Christianity was the only religion
• Many people were killed or put in jail